Hypothalamic kappa opioid receptor mediates both diet‐induced and melanin concentrating hormone–induced liver damage through inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress

Monica Imbernon, Estrella Sanchez‐Rebordelo, Amparo Romero‐Picó, Imre Kalló, Melissa J. Chee, Begoña Porteiro, Omar Al‐Massadi, Cristina Contreras, Johan Fernø, Ana Senra, Rosalia Gallego, Cintia Folgueira, Luisa M. Seoane, Margriet van Gestel, Roger A. Adan, Zsolt Liposits, Carlos Dieguez, Miguel López, Ruben Nogueiras – 7 July 2016 – The opioid system is widely known to modulate the brain reward system and thus affect the behavior of humans and other animals, including feeding. We hypothesized that the hypothalamic opioid system might also control energy metabolism in peripheral tissues.

Zinc finger protein 191 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis through discs large 1‐mediated yes‐associated protein inactivation

Di Wu, Guoyuan Liu, Yufeng Liu, Hexige Saiyin, Chenji Wang, Zhen Wei, Wenjiao Zen, Danyang Liu, Qi Chen, Zhonghua Zhao, Liping Zou, Haojie Huang, Songmin Jiang, Long Yu – 30 June 2016 – Interplay between cell polarity module Scribble‐Lethal Giant Larvae‐Discs Large 1 (DLG1) and Yes‐associated protein (YAP) appears critical in tumor metastasis. We identified zinc finger protein 191 (ZNF191) as a metastasis suppressor acting through DLG‐YAP crosstalk in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Programmed death ligand 1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma: Relationship With clinical and pathological features

Julien Calderaro, Benoît Rousseau, Giuliana Amaddeo, Marion Mercey, Cécile Charpy, Charlotte Costentin, Alain Luciani, Elie‐Serge Zafrani, Alexis Laurent, Daniel Azoulay, Fouad Lafdil, Jean‐Michel Pawlotsky – 30 June 2016 – The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poor, with only one third of patients eligible for curative treatments and very limited survival benefits with the use of sorafenib, the current standard of care for advanced disease.

Current status of auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation for acute liver failure

Mohamed Rela, Ilankumaran Kaliamoorthy, Mettu Srinivas Reddy – 30 June 2016 – Auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation (APOLT) is a technique of liver transplantation (LT) where a partial liver graft is implanted in an orthotopic position after leaving behind a part of the native liver. APOLT was previously considered technically challenging with results inferior to orthotopic liver transplantation.

Bile acids and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Molecular insights and therapeutic perspectives

Juan P. Arab, Saul J. Karpen, Paul A. Dawson, Marco Arrese, Michael Trauner – 30 June 2016 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a burgeoning health problem worldwide and an important risk factor for both hepatic and cardiometabolic mortality. The rapidly increasing prevalence of this disease and of its aggressive form nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) will require novel therapeutic approaches to prevent disease progression to advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis and cancer.

Farnesoid X receptor activation increases reverse cholesterol transport by modulating bile acid composition and cholesterol absorption in mice

Yang Xu, Fei Li, Munaf Zalzala, Jiesi Xu, Frank J. Gonzalez, Luciano Adorini, Yoon‐Kwang Lee, Liya Yin, Yanqiao Zhang – 30 June 2016 – Activation of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) markedly attenuates development of atherosclerosis in animal models. However, the underlying mechanism is not well elucidated. Here, we show that the FXR agonist, obeticholic acid (OCA), increases fecal cholesterol excretion and macrophage reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) dependent on activation of hepatic FXR. OCA does not increase biliary cholesterol secretion, but inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption.

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