Carboxylesterase 2 prevents liver steatosis by modulating lipolysis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and lipogenesis and is regulated by hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha in mice

Yuanyuan Li, Munaf Zalzala, Kavita Jadhav, Yang Xu, Takhar Kasumov, Liya Yin, Yanqiao Zhang – 25 January 2016 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease that ranges from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). So far, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we show that hepatic carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) is markedly reduced in NASH patients, diabetic db/db mice, and high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed mice. Restoration of hepatic CES2 expression in db/db or HFD‐fed mice markedly ameliorates liver steatosis and insulin resistance.

Simeprevir plus sofosbuvir (12 and 8 weeks) in hepatitis C virus genotype 1‐infected patients without cirrhosis: OPTIMIST‐1, a phase 3, randomized study

Paul Kwo, Norman Gitlin, Ronald Nahass, David Bernstein, Kyle Etzkorn, Sergio Rojter, Eugene Schiff, Mitchell Davis, Peter Ruane, Ziad Younes, Ronald Kalmeijer, Rekha Sinha, Monika Peeters, Oliver Lenz, Bart Fevery, Guy De La Rosa, Jane Scott, James Witek – 22 January 2016 – Effective antiviral therapy is essential for achieving sustained virological response (SVR) in hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐infected patients.

The plastic cellular states of liver cells: Are EpCAM and Lgr5 fit for purpose?

Meritxell Huch, Laurent Dollé – 22 January 2016 – Adult liver cells have been considered restricted regarding their fate and lineage potential. That is, hepatocytes have been thought able only to generate hepatocytes and duct cells, only duct cells. While this may be the case for the majority of scenarios in a state of quiescence or homeostasis, evidence suggests that liver cells are capable of interconverting between cellular states of distinct phenotypic traits.

Natural history and management of esophagogastric varices in chronic noncirrhotic, nontumoral portal vein thrombosis

Carlos Noronha Ferreira, Susana Seijo, Aurelie Plessier, Gilberto Silva‐Junior, Fanny Turon, Pierre‐Emmanuel Rautou, Anna Baiges, Christophe Bureau, Jaime Bosch, Virginia Hernández‐Gea, Dominique Valla, Juan‐Carlos García‐Pagan – 22 January 2016 – In patients with chronic noncirrhotic, nontumoral portal vein thrombosis (PVT), the usually recommended strategy for endoscopic screening and management of varices is the same as in cirrhosis. However, the efficacy of this policy in patients with PVT is unknown.

A new HIF‐1α/RANTES‐driven pathway to hepatocellular carcinoma mediated by germline haploinsufficiency of SART1/HAF in mice

Mei Yee Koh, Mihai Gagea, Timothy Sargis, Robert Lemos, Geoffrey Grandjean, Adriana Charbono, Vasileos Bekiaris, John Sedy, Galina Kiriakova, Xiuping Liu, Lewis R. Roberts, Carl Ware, Garth Powis – 22 January 2016 – The hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF), HIF‐1, is a central regulator of the response to low oxygen or inflammatory stress and plays an essential role in survival and function of immune cells. However, the mechanisms regulating nonhypoxic induction of HIF‐1 remain unclear.

Subscribe to