A 10‐Year united network for organ sharing review of mortality and risk factors in young children awaiting liver transplantation

Daniel H. Leung, Amrita Narang, Charles G. Minard, Girish Hiremath, John A. Goss, Ross Shepherd – 19 August 2016 – Young children < 2 years of age with chronic end‐stage liver disease (YC2) are a uniquely vulnerable group listed for liver transplantation, characterized by a predominance of biliary atresia (BA). To investigate wait‐list mortality, associated risk factors, and outcomes of YC2, we evaluated United Network for Organ Sharing registry data from April 2003 to March 2013 for YC2 listed for deceased donor transplant (BA = 994; other chronic liver disease [CLD] = 221).

The underreporting of hepatocellular carcinoma to the cancer register and a log‐linear model to estimate a more correct incidence

Anna Törner, Knut Stokkeland, Åke Svensson, Paul W. Dickman, Rolf Hultcrantz, Scott Montgomery, Ann‐Sofi Duberg – 17 August 2016 – The Cancer Register (CR) in Sweden has reported that the incidence of primary liver cancer (PLC) has slowly declined over the last decades. Even though all cancers, irrespective of diagnostic method, should be reported to the CR, the PLC incidence may not reflect the true rate.

Massive rearrangements of cellular MicroRNA signatures are key drivers of hepatocyte dedifferentiation

Volker M. Lauschke, Sabine U. Vorrink, Sabrina M.L. Moro, Fatemah Rezayee, Åsa Nordling, Delilah F.G. Hendriks, Catherine C. Bell, Rowena Sison‐Young, B. Kevin Park, Christopher E. Goldring, Ewa Ellis, Inger Johansson, Souren Mkrtchian, Tommy B. Andersson, Magnus Ingelman‐Sundberg – 17 August 2016 – Hepatocytes are dynamic cells that, upon injury, can alternate between nondividing differentiated and dedifferentiated proliferating states in vivo.

Large tumor suppressor homologs 1 and 2 regulate mouse liver progenitor cell proliferation and maturation through antagonism of the coactivators YAP and TAZ

Jing Yi, Li Lu, Kilangsungla Yanger, Wenqi Wang, Bo Hwa Sohn, Ben Z. Stanger, Min Zhang, James F. Martin, Jaffer A. Ajani, Junjie Chen, Ju‐Seog Lee, Shumei Song, Randy L.

Angiopoietin‐like protein 1 antagonizes MET receptor activity to repress sorafenib resistance and cancer stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma

Hsin‐An Chen, Tsang‐Chih Kuo, Chi‐Feng Tseng, Jui‐Ti Ma, Shu‐Ting Yang, Chia‐Jui Yen, Ching‐Yao Yang, Shian‐Ying Sung, Jen‐Liang Su – 17 August 2016 – Angiopoietin‐like protein 1 (ANGPTL1) has been shown to act as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting angiogenesis, cancer invasion, and metastasis. However, little is known about the effects of ANGPTL1 on sorafenib resistance and cancer stem cell properties in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the mechanism underlying these effects.

Patient‐reported barriers are associated with lower hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance rates in patients with cirrhosis

Sherean Farvardin, Jaimin Patel, Maleka Khambaty, Olutola A. Yerokun, Huram Mok, Jasmin A. Tiro, Adam C. Yopp, Neehar D. Parikh, Jorge A. Marrero, Amit G. Singal – 17 August 2016 – Over 20% of patients with cirrhosis are nonadherent with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance recommendations; however, few studies have evaluated the impact of patient‐level factors on surveillance receipt.

Novel plasma biomarkers associated with liver disease severity in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Veeral Ajmera, Emily R. Perito, Nathan M. Bass, Norah A. Terrault, Katherine P. Yates, Ryan Gill, Rohit Loomba, Anna Mae Diehl, Bradley E. Aouizerat, for the NASH Clinical Research Network – 17 August 2016 – Despite the high prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), therapeutic options and noninvasive markers of disease activity and severity remain limited. We investigated the association between plasma biomarkers and liver histology in order to identify markers of disease activity and severity in patients with biopsy‐proven NAFLD.

MYO5B mutations cause cholestasis with normal serum gamma‐glutamyl transferase activity in children without microvillous inclusion disease

Emmanuel Gonzales, Sarah A. Taylor, Anne Davit‐Spraul, Alice Thébaut, Nadège Thomassin, Catherine Guettier, Peter F. Whitington, Emmanuel Jacquemin – 17 August 2016 – Some patients with microvillus inclusion disease due to myosin 5B (MYO5B) mutations may develop cholestasis characterized by a progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis‐like phenotype with normal serum gamma‐glutamyl transferase activity. So far MYO5B deficiency has not been reported in patients with such a cholestasis phenotype in the absence of intestinal disease.

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