Sorafenib enriches epithelial cell adhesion molecule–positive tumor initiating cells and exacerbates a subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma through TSC2‐AKT cascade
Dong‐Xian Guan, Jie Shi, Yang Zhang, Jiang‐Sha Zhao, Ling‐Yun Long, Tian‐Wei Chen, Er‐Bin Zhang, Yuan‐Yuan Feng, Wen‐Dai Bao, Yue‐Zhen Deng, Lin Qiu, Xue‐Li Zhang, H. Phillip Koeffler, Shu‐qun Cheng, Jing‐Jing Li, Dong Xie – 7 August 2015 – Sorafenib is a specific adenosine triphosphate–competitive RAF inhibitor used as a first‐line treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the responses are variable, reflecting heterogeneity of the disease, while the resistance mechanism remains poorly understood.