Imaging the dynamic platelet‐neutrophil response in sterile liver injury and repair in mice

Ingrid Slaba, Jing Wang, Elzbieta Kolaczkowska, Braedon McDonald, Woo‐Yong Lee, Paul Kubes – 22 July 2015 – Although platelets have been extensively studied in hemostasis and inflammation, their role is not well understood in sterile liver injury and repair. Using a thermally induced focal liver injury and repair model and multichannel spinning disk confocal microscopy allowed visualization of the dynamic behavior of platelets and neutrophils in this insult.

A novel noninvasive diagnostic method for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis using two glycobiomarkers

Yoshihiro Kamada, Masafumi Ono, Hideyuki Hyogo, Hideki Fujii, Yoshio Sumida, Kojiroh Mori, Saiyu Tanaka, Makoto Yamada, Maaya Akita, Kayo Mizutani, Hironobu Fujii, Akiko Yamamoto, Shinji Takamatsu, Yuichi Yoshida, Yoshito Itoh, Norifumi Kawada, Kazuaki Chayama, Toshiji Saibara, Tetsuo Takehara, Eiji Miyoshi – 21 July 2015 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing medical problem; thus, discriminating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) from NAFLD is of great clinical significance.

Stimulation of nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor‐γ limits NF‐κB‐dependent inflammation in mouse cystic fibrosis biliary epithelium

Roberto Scirpo, Romina Fiorotto, Ambra Villani, Mariangela Amenduni, Carlo Spirli, Mario Strazzabosco – 21 July 2015 – Cystic fibrosis–associated liver disease is a chronic cholangiopathy that negatively affects the quality of life of cystic fibrosis patients. In addition to reducing biliary chloride and bicarbonate secretion, up‐regulation of toll‐like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB)–dependent immune mechanisms plays a major role in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis–associated liver disease and may represent a therapeutic target.

Outcomes including liver histology after liver transplantation for chronic hepatitis B using oral antiviral therapy alone

James Fung, Regina Lo, See‐Ching Chan, Kenneth Chok, Tiffany Wong, William Sharr, Tan‐To Cheung, Albert C. Y. Chan, Wing‐Chiu Dai, Sui‐Ling Sin, Irene Ng, Ching‐Lung Lai, Man‐Fung Yuen, Chung‐Mau Lo – 20 July 2015 – The outcomes of hepatitis B virus (HBV)–related hepatitis after liver transplantation (LT) without hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) is not well documented. This study aims to determine the outcomes of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients using an HBIG‐free regimen.

Serum fibrosis biomarkers predict death and graft loss in liver transplantation recipients

Mamatha Bhat, Peter Ghali, Kathleen C. Rollet‐Kurhajec, Aparna Bhat, Philip Wong, Marc Deschenes, Giada Sebastiani – 20 July 2015 – Noninvasive serum fibrosis biomarkers predict clinical outcomes in pretransplant patients with chronic liver disease. We investigated the role of serum fibrosis biomarkers and of changes in biomarkers in predicting death and graft loss after liver transplantation (LT).

Targeted individual prophylaxis offers superior risk stratification for cytomegalovirus reactivation after liver transplantation

Siddharth Sood, Craig Haifer, Lijia Yu, Julie Pavlovic, Paul J. Gow, Robert M. Jones, Kumar Visvanathan, Peter W. Angus, Adam G. Testro – 20 July 2015 – Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can reactivate following liver transplantation. Management of patients currently considered low risk based on pretransplant serology remains contentious, with universal prophylaxis and preemptive strategies suffering from significant deficiencies.

Comparative effectiveness of pharmacological interventions for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis

Siddharth Singh, Rohan Khera, Alina M. Allen, M. Hassan Murad, Rohit Loomba – 18 July 2015 – We performed a Bayesian network meta‐analysis combining direct and indirect treatment comparisons to assess the comparative effectiveness of pharmacological agents for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Through systematic literature review, we identified nine randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) including 964 patients with biopsy‐proven NASH, comparing vitamin E, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), pentoxifylline, or obeticholic acid to one another or placebo.

Comparative effectiveness of pharmacological interventions for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis

Siddharth Singh, Rohan Khera, Alina M. Allen, M. Hassan Murad, Rohit Loomba – 18 July 2015 – We performed a Bayesian network meta‐analysis combining direct and indirect treatment comparisons to assess the comparative effectiveness of pharmacological agents for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Through systematic literature review, we identified nine randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) including 964 patients with biopsy‐proven NASH, comparing vitamin E, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), pentoxifylline, or obeticholic acid to one another or placebo.

RBMY, a novel inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3β, increases tumor stemness and predicts poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Huey‐Huey Chua, Daw‐Jen Tsuei, Po‐Huang Lee, Yung‐Ming Jeng, Jean Lu, Jia‐Feng Wu, De‐Shiuan Su, Ya‐Hui Chen, Chin‐Sung Chien, Pei‐Chi Kao, Chien‐Nan Lee, Rey‐Heng Hu, Yen‐Hsuan Ni, Mei‐Hwei Chang – 16 July 2015 – Male predominance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurs particularly among young children aged 6‐9 years, indicative of a possible role of the Y chromosome–encoded oncogene in addition to an androgenic effect.

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