World‐wide relative contribution of hepatitis B and C viruses in hepatocellular carcinoma

Catherine de Martel, Delphine Maucort‐Boulch, Martyn Plummer, Silvia Franceschi – 3 July 2015 – Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In order to assess the relative contribution of HBV and HCV to HCC worldwide, and identify changes over time, we conducted a systematic review of case series published up to the year 2014. Eligible studies had to report seroprevalence of both hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to HCV (anti‐HCV), alone and in combination, for at least 20 adult HCC cases.

Risk factors and outcomes of carbapenem‐resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in liver transplant recipients

Marcus R. Pereira, Brendan F. Scully, Stephanie M. Pouch, Anne‐Catrin Uhlemann, Stella Goudie, Jean E. Emond, Elizabeth C. Verna – 1 July 2015 – Carbapenem‐resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infection is increasing in incidence and is associated with increased mortality in liver transplantation (LT) recipients. We performed a retrospective cohort study of all patients transplanted between January 2010 and January 2013 to identify the incidence and risk factors for post‐LT CRKP infection and evaluate the impact of this infection on outcomes in a CRKP‐endemic area.

PKC412 normalizes mutation‐related keratin filament disruption and hepatic injury in mice by promoting keratin–myosin binding

Raymond Kwan, Lu Chen, Koksun Looi, Guo‐Zhong Tao, Sujith V. Weerasinghe, Natasha T. Snider, Mary Anne Conti, Robert S. Adelstein, Qing Xie, M. Bishr Omary – 30 June 2015 – Keratins, among other cytoskeletal intermediate filament proteins, are mutated at a highly conserved arginine with consequent severe disease phenotypes due to disruption of keratin filament organization.

Cost‐effectiveness of strategies for testing current hepatitis C virus infection

Michael K. Chapko, D.Robert Dufour, Rikita I. Hatia, Jan Drobeniuc, John W. Ward, Chong‐Gee Teo – 30 June 2015 – Six strategies for identifying hepatitis C virus (HCV) viremia, involving testing for HCV antibody (HCVAb) followed by a nucleic acid test (NAT) for HCV RNA when the antibody test is positive, are compared. Decision analysis was used to determine mean relative cost per person tested and outcomes of HCV viremia detection. Parameters included proportions of test population with HCVAb and viremia plus specificity, sensitivity, and cost of individual tests.

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