Systemic PEGylated TRAIL treatment ameliorates liver cirrhosis in rats by eliminating activated hepatic stellate cells

Yumin Oh, Ogyi Park, Magdalena Swierczewska, James P. Hamilton, Jong‐Sung Park, Tae Hyung Kim, Sung‐Mook Lim, Hana Eom, Dong Gyu Jo, Choong‐Eun Lee, Raouf Kechrid, Panagiotis Mastorakos, Clark Zhang, Sei Kwang Hahn, Ok‐Cheol Jeon, Youngro Byun, Kwangmeyung Kim, Justin Hanes, Kang Choon Lee, Martin G. Pomper, Bin Gao, Seulki Lee – 28 December 2015 – Liver fibrosis is a common outcome of chronic liver disease that leads to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. No US Food and Drug Administration–approved targeted antifibrotic therapy exists.

Metabolic scaling predicts posthepatectomy liver regeneration after accounting for hepatocyte hypertrophy

LeAnne H. Young, Vipul Periwal – 28 December 2015 – We adapted a mathematical model of posthepatectomy liver regeneration using data from a subset of patients in the Adult‐to‐Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation Cohort Study. The original model addressed changes in the number of quiescent, primed, and proliferating cells. Our adapted model takes into account hypertrophy of primed and replicating cells, and it is better able to predict liver volume.

The burden of hepatitis C to the United States Medicare system in 2009: Descriptive and economic characteristics

David B. Rein, Joshua Borton, Danielle K. Liffmann, John S. Wittenborn – 28 December 2015 – The aim of this work was to estimate and describe the Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with hepatitis C virus (HCV) in 2009, incremental annual costs by disease stage, incremental total Medicare HCV payments in 2009 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare linked data covering the years 2002 to 2009.

Prevalence and risk factors of steatosis after liver transplantation and patient outcomes

Irena Hejlova, Eva Honsova, Eva Sticova, Vera Lanska, Tomas Hucl, Julius Spicak, Milan Jirsa, Pavel Trunecka – 28 December 2015 – Steatosis occurs frequently after liver transplantation (LT). We aimed to determine the prevalence of steatosis in adult LT recipients, to determine the effects of significant (>33%; grades 2‐3) steatosis on patient survival, and to identify risk factors for the development of significant steatosis and its effect on fibrosis progression. We retrospectively examined 2360 posttransplant biopsies of 548 LT recipients.

Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease—Meta‐analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes

Zobair M. Younossi, Aaron B. Koenig, Dinan Abdelatif, Yousef Fazel, Linda Henry, Mark Wymer – 28 December 2015 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of liver disease worldwide. We estimated the global prevalence, incidence, progression, and outcomes of NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). PubMed/MEDLINE were searched from 1989 to 2015 for terms involving epidemiology and progression of NAFLD.

Monoclonal anti‐envelope antibody AP33 protects humanized mice against a patient‐derived hepatitis C virus challenge

Isabelle Desombere, Samira Fafi‐Kremer, Freya Van Houtte, Patrick Pessaux, Ali Farhoudi, Laura Heydmann, Lieven Verhoye, Sarah Cole, Jane A. McKeating, Geert Leroux‐Roels, Thomas F. Baumert, Arvind H. Patel, Philip Meuleman – 28 December 2015 – End‐stage liver disease (ESLD) caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major indication for liver transplantation. However, immediately after transplantation, the liver graft of viremic patients universally becomes infected by circulating virus, resulting in accelerated liver disease progression.

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