Randomized phase 3 trial of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir for hepatitis C virus genotype 1b–infected Japanese patients with or without cirrhosis

Hiromitsu Kumada, Kazuaki Chayama, Lino Rodrigues, Fumitaka Suzuki, Kenji Ikeda, Hidenori Toyoda, Ken Sato, Yoshiyasu Karino, Yasushi Matsuzaki, Kiyohide Kioka, Carolyn Setze, Tami Pilot‐Matias, Meenal Patwardhan, Regis A. Vilchez, Margaret Burroughs, Rebecca Redman – 3 July 2015 – GIFT‐I is a phase 3 trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of a 12‐week regimen of coformulated ombitasvir (OBV)/paritaprevir (PTV)/ritonavir (r) for treatment of Japanese hepatitis C virus genotype 1b–infected patients.

World‐wide relative contribution of hepatitis B and C viruses in hepatocellular carcinoma

Catherine de Martel, Delphine Maucort‐Boulch, Martyn Plummer, Silvia Franceschi – 3 July 2015 – Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In order to assess the relative contribution of HBV and HCV to HCC worldwide, and identify changes over time, we conducted a systematic review of case series published up to the year 2014. Eligible studies had to report seroprevalence of both hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to HCV (anti‐HCV), alone and in combination, for at least 20 adult HCC cases.

Risk factors and outcomes of carbapenem‐resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in liver transplant recipients

Marcus R. Pereira, Brendan F. Scully, Stephanie M. Pouch, Anne‐Catrin Uhlemann, Stella Goudie, Jean E. Emond, Elizabeth C. Verna – 1 July 2015 – Carbapenem‐resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infection is increasing in incidence and is associated with increased mortality in liver transplantation (LT) recipients. We performed a retrospective cohort study of all patients transplanted between January 2010 and January 2013 to identify the incidence and risk factors for post‐LT CRKP infection and evaluate the impact of this infection on outcomes in a CRKP‐endemic area.

Cost‐effectiveness of strategies for testing current hepatitis C virus infection

Michael K. Chapko, D.Robert Dufour, Rikita I. Hatia, Jan Drobeniuc, John W. Ward, Chong‐Gee Teo – 30 June 2015 – Six strategies for identifying hepatitis C virus (HCV) viremia, involving testing for HCV antibody (HCVAb) followed by a nucleic acid test (NAT) for HCV RNA when the antibody test is positive, are compared. Decision analysis was used to determine mean relative cost per person tested and outcomes of HCV viremia detection. Parameters included proportions of test population with HCVAb and viremia plus specificity, sensitivity, and cost of individual tests.

PKC412 normalizes mutation‐related keratin filament disruption and hepatic injury in mice by promoting keratin–myosin binding

Raymond Kwan, Lu Chen, Koksun Looi, Guo‐Zhong Tao, Sujith V. Weerasinghe, Natasha T. Snider, Mary Anne Conti, Robert S. Adelstein, Qing Xie, M. Bishr Omary – 30 June 2015 – Keratins, among other cytoskeletal intermediate filament proteins, are mutated at a highly conserved arginine with consequent severe disease phenotypes due to disruption of keratin filament organization.

4′‐modified nucleoside analogs: Potent inhibitors active against entecavir‐resistant hepatitis B virus

Yuki Takamatsu, Yasuhito Tanaka, Satoru Kohgo, Shuko Murakami, Kamalendra Singh, Debananda Das, David J. Venzon, Masayuki Amano, Nobuyo Higashi‐Kuwata, Manabu Aoki, Nicole S. Delino, Sanae Hayashi, Satoru Takahashi, Yoshikazu Sukenaga, Kazuhiro Haraguchi, Stefan G. Sarafianos, Kenji Maeda, Hiroaki Mitsuya – 29 June 2015 – Certain nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (NRTIs) are effective against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) and hepatitis B virus (HBV).

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