Absence of the intestinal microbiota exacerbates hepatobiliary disease in a murine model of primary sclerosing cholangitis

James H. Tabibian, Steven P. O'Hara, Christy E. Trussoni, Pamela S. Tietz, Patrick L. Splinter, Taofic Mounajjed, Lee R. Hagey, Nicholas F. LaRusso – 4 June 2015 – Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic, idiopathic, fibroinflammatory cholangiopathy. The role of the microbiota in PSC etiopathogenesis may be fundamentally important, yet remains obscure. We tested the hypothesis that germ‐free (GF) mutltidrug resistance 2 knockout (mdr2−/−) mice develop a distinct PSC phenotype, compared to conventionally housed (CV) mdr2−/− mice.

Safety and Efficacy of Simeprevir/Sofosbuvir in Hepatitis C–Infected Patients With Compensated and Decompensated Cirrhosis

Varun Saxena, Lisa Nyberg, Marypat Pauly, Aditi Dasgupta, Anders Nyberg, Barbara Piasecki, Bradley Winston, Jacquelyn Redd, Joanna Ready, Norah A. Terrault – 1 June 2015 – Risks and benefits of simeprevir plus sofosbuvir (SIM+SOF) in patients with advanced cirrhosis are unknown. We assessed the safety and sustained virological responses (SVR) of SIM+SOF with and without ribavirin (RBV) in patients with Child‐Pugh (CP)‐B/C versus CP‐A cirrhosis and compared to matched untreated controls.

Short‐ or long‐term high‐fat diet feeding plus acute ethanol binge synergistically induce acute liver injury in mice: An important role for CXCL1

Binxia Chang, Ming‐Jiang Xu, Zhou Zhou, Yan Cai, Man Li, Wei Wang, Dechun Feng, Adeline Bertola, Hua Wang, George Kunos, Bin Gao – 29 May 2015 – Obesity and alcohol consumption often coexist and work synergistically to promote steatohepatitis; however, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Here, we demonstrate that feeding mice a high‐fat diet (HFD) for as little as 3 days markedly exacerbated acute ethanol binge–induced liver neutrophil infiltration and injury. Feeding mice with an HFD for 3 months plus a single binge of ethanol induced much more severe steatohepatitis.

Short‐ or long‐term high‐fat diet feeding plus acute ethanol binge synergistically induce acute liver injury in mice: An important role for CXCL1

Binxia Chang, Ming‐Jiang Xu, Zhou Zhou, Yan Cai, Man Li, Wei Wang, Dechun Feng, Adeline Bertola, Hua Wang, George Kunos, Bin Gao – 29 May 2015 – Obesity and alcohol consumption often coexist and work synergistically to promote steatohepatitis; however, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Here, we demonstrate that feeding mice a high‐fat diet (HFD) for as little as 3 days markedly exacerbated acute ethanol binge–induced liver neutrophil infiltration and injury. Feeding mice with an HFD for 3 months plus a single binge of ethanol induced much more severe steatohepatitis.

A clinician's guide to drug‐drug interactions with direct‐acting antiviral agents for the treatment of hepatitis C viral infection

Travis B. Dick, Lance S. Lindberg, Debra D. Ramirez, Michael R. Charlton – 29 May 2015 – The US Food and Drug Administration has recently approved a number of new direct‐acting antiviral agents for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus that have significantly increased the likelihood of a virological cure. These agents are highly effective but present a substantial risk for a host of clinically relevant drug‐drug interactions. These interactions must be considered both when starting and stopping any medication, including over‐the‐counter medications and herbal supplements.

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