4EBP1/eIF4E and p70S6K/RPS6 axes play critical and distinct roles in hepatocarcinogenesis driven by AKT and N‐Ras proto‐oncogenes in mice

Chunmei Wang, Antonio Cigliano, Lijie Jiang, Xiaolei Li, Biao Fan, Maria G. Pilo, Yan Liu, Bing Gui, Marcella Sini, Jeffrey W. Smith, Frank Dombrowski, Diego F. Calvisi, Matthias Evert, Xin Chen – 22 August 2014 – Concomitant expression of activated forms of v‐akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT) and Ras in mouse liver (AKT/Ras) leads to rapid tumor development through strong activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway.

Myeloid‐specific disruption of recombination signal binding protein Jκ ameliorates hepatic fibrosis by attenuating inflammation through cylindromatosis in mice

Fei He, Feng‐Cheng Guo, Zhi Li, Heng‐Chao Yu, Peng‐Fei Ma, Jun‐Long Zhao, Lei Feng, Wei‐Na Li, Xiao‐Wei Liu, Hong‐Yan Qin, Ke‐Feng Dou, Hua Han – 22 August 2014 – Macrophages play multidimensional roles in hepatic fibrosis, but their control has not been fully understood. The Notch pathway mediated by recombination signal binding protein Jκ (RBP‐J), the transcription factor transactivated by signals from four mammalian Notch receptors, is implicated in macrophage activation and plasticity.

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Tamer Abdelrahman, Joseph Hughes, Janice Main, John McLauchlan, Mark Thursz, Emma Thomson – 22 August 2014

The role of liver fat and insulin resistance as determinants of plasma aminotransferase elevation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Maryann Maximos, Fernando Bril, Paola Portillo Sanchez, Romina Lomonaco, Beverly Orsak, Diane Biernacki, Amitabh Suman, Michelle Weber, Kenneth Cusi – 22 August 2014 – Plasma aminotransferases (aspartate aminotransferase [AST] and alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) are usually increased in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the factors behind their elevation remain unclear.

Targeting mitochondria with methylene blue protects mice against acetaminophen‐induced liver injury

Kang Kwang Lee, Naoki Imaizumi, Sally R. Chamberland, Nathan N. Alder, Urs A. Boelsterli – 20 August 2014 – Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is a frequent cause of drug‐induced liver injury and the most frequent cause of acute liver failure in the Western world. Previous studies with mouse models have revealed that impairment of mitochondrial respiration is an early event in the pathogenesis, but the exact mechanisms have remained unclear, and therapeutic approaches to specifically target mitochondria have been insufficiently explored.

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