Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in hepatic fibrosis

Laurie D. DeLeve – 18 August 2014 – Capillarization, lack of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) fenestration, and formation of an organized basement membrane not only precedes fibrosis, but is also permissive for hepatic stellate cell activation and fibrosis. Thus, dysregulation of the LSEC phenotype is a critical step in the fibrotic process. Both a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐stimulated, nitric oxide (NO)‐independent pathway and a VEGF‐stimulated NO‐dependent pathway are necessary to maintain the differentiated LSEC phenotype.

Serum hepatitis B virus RNA levels as an early predictor of hepatitis B envelope antigen seroconversion during treatment with polymerase inhibitors

Florian Bömmel, Anne Bartens, Alena Mysickova, Jörg Hofmann, Detlev H. Krüger, Thomas Berg, Anke Edelmann – 18 August 2014 – Hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion represents an endpoint of treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. We have studied whether levels of serum HBV RNA during polymerase inhibitor treatment might be helpful for predicting HBeAg seroconversion. HBV RNA levels were determined in serial serum samples from 62 patients with chronic HBV infection (50 HBeAg positive).

A screen in mice uncovers repression of lipoprotein lipase by microRNA‐29a as a mechanism for lipid distribution away from the liver

Aras N. Mattis, Guisheng Song, Kelly Hitchner, Roy Y. Kim, Andrew Y. Lee, Amar D. Sharma, Yann Malato, Michael T. McManus, Christine C. Esau, Erich Koller, Suneil Koliwad, Lee P. Lim, Jacquelyn J. Maher, Robert L. Raffai, Holger Willenbring – 18 August 2014

Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index and fibrosis‐4 index for detecting liver fibrosis in adult patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection: A systemic review and meta‐analysis

Guangqin Xiao, Jiayin Yang, Lunan Yan – 18 August 2014 – The aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio index (APRI) and fibrosis index based on the four factors (Fibrosis 4 index; FIB‐4) are the two most widely studied noninvasive tools for assessing liver fibrosis. Our aims were to systematically review the performance of APRI and FIB‐4 in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in adult patients and compare their advantages and disadvantages.

Osteopontin deficiency does not prevent but promotes alcoholic neutrophilic hepatitis in mice

Raul Lazaro, Raymond Wu, Sunyoung Lee, Nian‐Ling Zhu, Chia‐Lin Chen, Samuel W. French, Jun Xu, Keigo Machida, Hidekazu Tsukamoto – 18 August 2014 – Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a distinct spectrum of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) with intense neutrophilic (polymorphonuclear; PMN) inflammation and high mortality. Although a recent study implicates osteopontin (SPP1) in AH, SPP1 is also shown to have protective effects on experimental ALD.

Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)‐1 creates a premetastatic niche in the liver through SDF‐1/CXCR4‐dependent neutrophil recruitment in mice

Bastian Seubert, Barbara Grünwald, Julia Kobuch, Haissi Cui, Florian Schelter, Susanne Schaten, Jens T. Siveke, Ngee H. Lim, Hideaki Nagase, Nicole Simonavicius, Mathias Heikenwalder, Thomas Reinheckel, Jonathan P. Sleeman, Klaus‐Peter Janssen, Percy A. Knolle, Achim Krüger – 18 August 2014 – Due to its ability to inhibit prometastatic matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)‐1 has been thought to suppress tumor metastasis.

Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in hepatic fibrosis

Laurie D. DeLeve – 18 August 2014 – Capillarization, lack of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) fenestration, and formation of an organized basement membrane not only precedes fibrosis, but is also permissive for hepatic stellate cell activation and fibrosis. Thus, dysregulation of the LSEC phenotype is a critical step in the fibrotic process. Both a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐stimulated, nitric oxide (NO)‐independent pathway and a VEGF‐stimulated NO‐dependent pathway are necessary to maintain the differentiated LSEC phenotype.

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