Acute liver failure after valproate exposure in patients with POLG1 mutations and the prognosis after liver transplantation

Johanna Hynynen, Tuomas Komulainen, Eija Tukiainen, Arno Nordin, Johanna Arola, Reetta Kälviäinen, Leena Jutila, Matias Röyttä, Reetta Hinttala, Kari Majamaa, Heikki Mäkisalo, Johanna Uusimaa – 28 July 2014 – Patients with mutations in the POLG1 gene encoding mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma have an increased risk of valproate‐induced liver failure. POLG1 mutations are common, and these patients often suffer from intractable seizures. The role of liver transplantation in the treatment of patients with mitochondrial diseases has been controversial.

Clinical outcomes of hepatitis B virus coinfection in a United States cohort of hepatitis C virus‐infected patients

Robert L. Kruse, Jennifer R. Kramer, Gia L. Tyson, Zhigang Duan, Liang Chen, Hashem B. El‐Serag, Fasiha Kanwal – 28 July 2014 – The effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains unclear. We used the National Veterans Affairs HCV Clinical Case Registry to identify patients with confirmed HCV viremia during 1997‐2005. We defined HBV coinfection as a positive test for hepatitis B surface antigen, HBV DNA, or hepatitis B e antigen.

Hepatic inflammation and fibrosis: Functional links and key pathways

Ekihiro Seki, Robert F. Schwabe – 26 July 2014 – Inflammation is one of the most characteristic features of chronic liver disease of viral, alcoholic, fatty, and autoimmune origin. Inflammation is typically present in all disease stages and associated with the development of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In the past decade, numerous studies have contributed to improved understanding of the links between hepatic inflammation and fibrosis.

Hepatic inflammation and fibrosis: Functional links and key pathways

Ekihiro Seki, Robert F. Schwabe – 26 July 2014 – Inflammation is one of the most characteristic features of chronic liver disease of viral, alcoholic, fatty, and autoimmune origin. Inflammation is typically present in all disease stages and associated with the development of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In the past decade, numerous studies have contributed to improved understanding of the links between hepatic inflammation and fibrosis.

IL‐34 and macrophage colony‐stimulating factor are overexpressed in hepatitis C virus fibrosis and induce profibrotic macrophages that promote collagen synthesis by hepatic stellate cells

Laurence Preisser, Charline Miot, Hélène Guillou‐Guillemette, Elodie Beaumont, Etienne D Foucher, Erwan Garo, Simon Blanchard, Isabelle Frémaux, Anne Croué, Isabelle Fouchard, Françoise Lunel‐Fabiani, Jérôme Boursier, Philippe Roingeard, Paul Calès, Yves Delneste, Pascale Jeannin – 26 July 2014 – Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is characterized by progressive hepatic fibrosis, a process dependent on monocyte recruitment and accumulation into the liver.

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