Global distribution and prevalence of hepatitis C virus genotypes

Jane P. Messina, Isla Humphreys, Abraham Flaxman, Anthony Brown, Graham S. Cooke, Oliver G. Pybus, Eleanor Barnes – 28 July 2014 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) exhibits high genetic diversity, characterized by regional variations in genotype prevalence. This poses a challenge to the improved development of vaccines and pan‐genotypic treatments, which require the consideration of global trends in HCV genotype prevalence. Here we provide the first comprehensive survey of these trends.

Global distribution and prevalence of hepatitis C virus genotypes

Jane P. Messina, Isla Humphreys, Abraham Flaxman, Anthony Brown, Graham S. Cooke, Oliver G. Pybus, Eleanor Barnes – 28 July 2014 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) exhibits high genetic diversity, characterized by regional variations in genotype prevalence. This poses a challenge to the improved development of vaccines and pan‐genotypic treatments, which require the consideration of global trends in HCV genotype prevalence. Here we provide the first comprehensive survey of these trends.

Acute liver failure after valproate exposure in patients with POLG1 mutations and the prognosis after liver transplantation

Johanna Hynynen, Tuomas Komulainen, Eija Tukiainen, Arno Nordin, Johanna Arola, Reetta Kälviäinen, Leena Jutila, Matias Röyttä, Reetta Hinttala, Kari Majamaa, Heikki Mäkisalo, Johanna Uusimaa – 28 July 2014 – Patients with mutations in the POLG1 gene encoding mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma have an increased risk of valproate‐induced liver failure. POLG1 mutations are common, and these patients often suffer from intractable seizures. The role of liver transplantation in the treatment of patients with mitochondrial diseases has been controversial.

Clinical outcomes of hepatitis B virus coinfection in a United States cohort of hepatitis C virus‐infected patients

Robert L. Kruse, Jennifer R. Kramer, Gia L. Tyson, Zhigang Duan, Liang Chen, Hashem B. El‐Serag, Fasiha Kanwal – 28 July 2014 – The effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains unclear. We used the National Veterans Affairs HCV Clinical Case Registry to identify patients with confirmed HCV viremia during 1997‐2005. We defined HBV coinfection as a positive test for hepatitis B surface antigen, HBV DNA, or hepatitis B e antigen.

Hepatic inflammation and fibrosis: Functional links and key pathways

Ekihiro Seki, Robert F. Schwabe – 26 July 2014 – Inflammation is one of the most characteristic features of chronic liver disease of viral, alcoholic, fatty, and autoimmune origin. Inflammation is typically present in all disease stages and associated with the development of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In the past decade, numerous studies have contributed to improved understanding of the links between hepatic inflammation and fibrosis.

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