Ring1B promotes hepatic stem/progenitor cell expansion through simultaneous suppression of Cdkn1a and Cdkn2a in mice

Hiroyuki Koike, Yasuharu Ueno, Takako Naito, Tomoya Shiina, Susumu Nakata, Rie Ouchi, Yuta Obana, Keisuke Sekine, Yun‐Wen Zheng, Takanori Takebe, Kyo‐ichi Isono, Haruhiko Koseki, Hideki Taniguchi – 4 February 2014 – Polycomb‐group (PcG) proteins play crucial roles in self‐renewal of stem cells by suppressing a host of genes through histone modifications. Identification of the downstream genes of PcG proteins is essential for elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of stem cell self‐renewal. However, little is known about the PcG target genes in tissue stem cells.

Incomplete hepatitis B immunization, maternal carrier status, and increased risk of liver diseases: A 20‐year cohort study of 3.8 million vaccinees

Yin‐Chu Chien, Chyi‐Feng Jan, Chun‐Ju Chiang, Hsu‐Sung Kuo, San‐Lin You, Chien‐Jen Chen – 4 February 2014 – Hepatitis B immunization has been documented to prevent fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by historical comparison studies in Taiwan. This study aimed to assess long‐term risks and predictors of various liver diseases associated with incomplete immunization in 3.8 million vaccinees.

Novel role of nuclear receptor rev‐erbα in hepatic stellate cell activation: Potential therapeutic target for liver injury

Ting Li, Ashley L. Eheim, Sabine Klein, Frank E. Uschner, Amber C. Smith, Elizabeth Brandon‐Warner, Sriparna Ghosh, Herbert L. Bonkovsky, Jonel Trebicka, Laura W. Schrum – 4 February 2014 – Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) transdifferentiation from a quiescent, adipocyte‐like cell to a highly secretory and contractile myofibroblast‐like phenotype contributes to negative pathological consequences, including fibrosis/cirrhosis with portal hypertension (PH). Antiadipogenic mechanisms have been shown to underlie activation of HSCs.

Human bile contains MicroRNA‐laden extracellular vesicles that can be used for cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis

Ling Li, David Masica, Masaharu Ishida, Ciprian Tomuleasa, Sho Umegaki, Anthony N. Kalloo, Christos Georgiades, Vikesh K. Singh, Mouen Khashab, Stuart Amateau, Zhiping Li, Patrick Okolo, Anne‐Marie Lennon, Payal Saxena, Jean‐Francois Geschwind, Todd Schlachter, Kelvin Hong, Timothy M. Pawlik, Marcia Canto, Joanna Law, Reem Sharaiha, Clifford R. Weiss, Paul Thuluvath, Michael Goggins, Eun Ji Shin, Haoran Peng, Vivek Kumbhari, Susan Hutfless, Liya Zhou, Esteban Mezey, Stephen J. Meltzer, Rachel Karchin, Florin M.

Human bile contains MicroRNA‐laden extracellular vesicles that can be used for cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis

Ling Li, David Masica, Masaharu Ishida, Ciprian Tomuleasa, Sho Umegaki, Anthony N. Kalloo, Christos Georgiades, Vikesh K. Singh, Mouen Khashab, Stuart Amateau, Zhiping Li, Patrick Okolo, Anne‐Marie Lennon, Payal Saxena, Jean‐Francois Geschwind, Todd Schlachter, Kelvin Hong, Timothy M. Pawlik, Marcia Canto, Joanna Law, Reem Sharaiha, Clifford R. Weiss, Paul Thuluvath, Michael Goggins, Eun Ji Shin, Haoran Peng, Vivek Kumbhari, Susan Hutfless, Liya Zhou, Esteban Mezey, Stephen J. Meltzer, Rachel Karchin, Florin M.

Long noncoding RNA in liver diseases

Kenji Takahashi, Irene Yan, Hiroaki Haga, Tushar Patel – 3 February 2014 – The identification of the presence of large RNA transcripts that do not code for proteins but that may have biological functions has provided an important new perspective in gene regulation. These long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are being increasingly recognized to contribute to many biological processes through diverse mechanisms. The roles of these emerging genes are being recognized across kingdoms.

Conversion from twice daily tacrolimus capsules to once daily extended‐release tacrolimus (LCP‐Tacro): Phase 2 trial of stable liver transplant recipients

Rita R. Alloway, Devin E. Eckhoff, W. Kenneth Washburn, Lewis W. Teperman – 3 February 2014 – LCP‐Tacro is an extended‐release formulation of tacrolimus designed for once‐daily dosing. Studies in renal transplantation demonstrate greater bioavailability with similar safety and efficacy vs. twice‐daily tacrolimus capsules.

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