Hypoxia‐mediated sorafenib resistance can be overcome by EF24 through Von Hippel‐Lindau tumor suppressor‐dependent HIF‐1α inhibition in hepatocellular carcinoma

Yingjian Liang, Tongsen Zheng, Ruipeng Song, Jiabei Wang, Dalong Yin, Luoluo Wang, Haitao Liu, Lantian Tian, Xiang Fang, Xianzhi Meng, Hongchi Jiang, Jiaren Liu, Lianxin Liu – 8 January 2013 – The increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is of great concern not only in the United States but throughout the world. Although sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor with antiangiogenic and antiproliferative effects, currently sets the new standard for advanced HCC, tumor response rates are usually quite low.

Mitochondrial adaptations and dysfunctions in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Karima Begriche, Julie Massart, Marie‐Anne Robin, Fabrice Bonnet, Bernard Fromenty – 8 January 2013 – The worldwide epidemic of obesity and insulin resistance favors nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Insulin resistance (IR) in the adipose tissue increases lipolysis and the entry of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) in the liver, whereas IR‐associated hyperinsulinemia promotes hepatic de novo lipogenesis. However, several hormonal and metabolic adaptations are set up in order to restrain hepatic fat accumulation, such as increased mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (mtFAO).

Hepatitis B virus hepatotropism is mediated by specific receptor recognition in the liver and not restricted to susceptible hosts

Alexa Schieck, Andreas Schulze, Caroline Gähler, Thomas Müller, Uwe Haberkorn, Alexander Alexandrov, Stephan Urban, Walter Mier – 4 January 2013 – The human hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes acute and chronic infections in humans and chimpanzees. HBV infects its hosts at minimal inoculation doses and replicates exclusively in hepatocytes. The viral determinants for the pronounced species specificity and the high efficacy to address hepatocytes in vivo are unknown.

Long‐term management of the successful adult liver transplant: 2012 practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the American Society of Transplantation

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Gitte Dam, Susanne Keiding, Ole L. Munk, Peter Ott, Hendrik Vilstrup, Lasse K. Bak, Helle S. Waagepetersen, Arne Schousboe, Michael S⊘rensen – 27 December 2012

Brahma‐related gene 1 bridges epigenetic regulation of proinflammatory cytokine production to steatohepatitis in mice

Wenfang Tian, Huihui Xu, Fei Fang, Qi Chen, Yong Xu, Aiguo Shen – 26 December 2012 – Chronic inflammation, inflicted by the spillover of proinflammatory mediators, links metabolic dysfunction to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The epigenetic maneuverings that underscore accelerated synthesis of proinflammatory mediators in response to nutritional inputs are not clearly defined.

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