Correction
2 July 2011
PUMA–mediated apoptosis drives chemical hepatocarcinogenesis in mice
Wei Qiu, Xinwei Wang, Brian Leibowitz, Wancai Yang, Lin Zhang, Jian Yu – 2 July 2011 – Hepatocyte death and proliferation contribute to hepatocellular carcinoma development after carcinogen exposure or chronic liver inflammation. However, the role and the molecular targets of hepatocyte death in relation to compensatory proliferation have not been fully characterized.
Seven cases of autoimmune hepatitis that developed after drug‐induced liver injury
Kazushi Sugimoto, Takeshi Ito, Norihiko Yamamoto, Katsuya Shiraki – 2 July 2011
Changes in hepatitis A and B vaccination rates in adult patients with chronic liver diseases and diabetes in the U.S. population
Zobair M. Younossi, Maria Stepanova – 2 July 2011 – Professional societies recommend hepatitis A and hepatitis B immunization for individuals with chronic liver disease (CLD), but the degree of implementation is unknown. Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) conducted in 1999‐2008.
Human hepatic stellate cells are liver‐resident antigen‐presenting cells
Anna Alisi, Paolo Romania, Valerio Nobili, Franco Locatelli, Doriana Fruci – 2 July 2011
Inflammation‐associated interleukin‐6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 activation ameliorates alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases in interleukin‐10–deficient mice
Andrew M. Miller, Hua Wang, Adeline Bertola, Ogyi Park, Norio Horiguchi, Sung Hwan Ki, Shi Yin, Fouad Lafdil, Bin Gao – 2 July 2011 – Alcoholic and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis are characterized by fatty liver plus inflammation. It is generally believed that steatosis promotes inflammation, whereas inflammation in turn aggregates steatosis.
Reversal of hepatitis B virus‐induced immune tolerance by an immunostimulatory 3p‐HBx‐siRNAs in a retinoic acid inducible gene I–dependent manner
Qiuju Han, Cai Zhang, Jian Zhang, Zhigang Tian – 30 June 2011 – It is extensively accepted that hepatitis B virus (HBV) escapes from innate immunity by inhibiting type I interferon (IFN) production, but efficient intervention to reverse the immune tolerance is still not achieved.
Novel poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase 1 binding motif in hepatitis B virus core promoter impairs DNA damage repair
Hui‐Ling Ko, Ee‐Chee Ren – 30 June 2011 – It is well‐established that hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but patients with high viral DNA load have significantly higher risk. As host factors are required for efficient viral replication and may, therefore, contribute to high viral DNA load, we screened for host factors that can transcriptionally activate the HBV core promoter (HBVCP).
Endogenous histones function as alarmins in sterile inflammatory liver injury through Toll‐like receptor 9 in mice
Hai Huang, John Evankovich, Wei Yan, Gary Nace, Lemeng Zhang, Mark Ross, Xinghua Liao, Timothy Billiar, Jun Xu, Charles T. Esmon, Allan Tsung – 30 June 2011 – Sterile inflammatory insults are known to activate innate immunity and propagate organ damage through the recognition of extracellular damage‐associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules. Although DAMPs such as endogenous DNA and nuclear high‐mobility group box 1 have been shown to be critical in sterile inflammation, the role of nuclear histone proteins has not yet been investigated.
Cross‐presentation of antigen by diverse subsets of murine liver cells
Mohammad R. Ebrahimkhani, Isaac Mohar, Ian N. Crispe – 30 June 2011 – Antigen cross‐presentation is a principal function of specialized antigen‐presenting cells of bone marrow origin such as dendritic cells. Although these cells are sometimes known as “professional” antigen‐presenting cells, nonbone marrow‐derived cells may also act as antigen‐presenting cells.