Inhibition of mitochondrial function by efavirenz increases lipid content in hepatic cells

Ana Blas‐García, Nadezda Apostolova, Daniel Ballesteros, Daniel Monleón, Jose M. Morales, Milagros Rocha, Victor M. Victor, Juan V. Esplugues – 23 June 2010 – Efavirenz (EFV) is a non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) widely used in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection therapy. It has been associated with hepatotoxic effects and alterations in lipid and body fat composition.

Detection of the imbalance of procoagulant versus anticoagulant factors in cirrhosis by a simple laboratory method

Armando Tripodi, Massimo Primignani, Laura Lemma, Veena Chantarangkul, Alessandra Dell'Era, Francesca Iannuzzi, Alessio Aghemo, Pier Mannuccio Mannucci – 23 June 2010 – Patients with cirrhosis possess an imbalance in procoagulant versus anticoagulant activity due to increased factor VIII and decreased protein C. This imbalance can be detected by thrombin‐generation assays performed in the presence/absence of thrombomodulin (predicate assay) that are not readily available in clinical laboratories.

Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in idiosyncratic drug‐induced liver injury

M. Isabel Lucena, Elena García‐Martín, Raúl J. Andrade, Carmen Martínez, Camilla Stephens, Jhon D. Ruiz, Eugenia Ulzurrun, M. Carmen Fernandez, Manuel Romero‐Gomez, Augustin Castiella, Ramon Planas, José Antonio Durán, Ana Melcón De Dios, Carlos Guarner, German Soriano, Yolanda Borraz, José A. G. Agundez – 23 June 2010 – Drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) susceptibility has a potential genetic basis.

Bid agonist regulates murine hepatocyte proliferation by controlling endoplasmic reticulum calcium homeostasis

Hong‐Min Ni, Catherine J. Baty, Na Li, Wen‐Xing Ding, Wentao Gao, Min Li, Xiaoyun Chen, Jianjie Ma, George K. Michalopoulos, Xiao‐Ming Yin – 23 June 2010 – BH3‐interacting domain death agonist (Bid), a BH3‐only B cell lymphoma 2 family molecule, is generally known for its importance in activating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway after death receptor engagement, particularly in hepatocytes. However, Bid also promotes hepatocyte proliferation during liver regeneration and carcinogenesis.

In vivo proliferation of hepadnavirus‐infected hepatocytes induces loss of covalently closed circular DNA in mice

Marc Lutgehetmann, Tassilo Volz, Anne Köpke, Tim Broja, Eike Tigges, Ansgar W. Lohse, Eberhard Fuchs, John M. Murray, Joerg Petersen, Maura Dandri – 23 June 2010 – Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is maintained by the presence of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), the template of viral transcription and replication. In quiescent hepatocytes, cccDNA is a stable molecule that can persist throughout the hepatocyte lifespan.

Liver sinusoidal endothelium: A microenvironment‐dependent differentiation program in rat including the novel junctional protein liver endothelial differentiation‐associated protein‐1

Cyrill Géraud, Kai Schledzewski, Alexandra Demory, Diana Klein, Miriam Kaus, Francis Peyre, Carsten Sticht, Konstantin Evdokimov, Shun Lu, Astrid Schmieder, Sergij Goerdt – 23 June 2010 – Liver sinusoidal endothelium (LSEC) is a prime example of organ‐specific microvascular differentiation and functions. Disease‐associated capillarization of LSEC in vivo and dedifferentiation of LSEC in vitro indicate the importance of the hepatic microenvironment.

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