Endoplasmic reticulum stress is a mediator of posttransplant injury in severely steatotic liver allografts

Christopher D. Anderson, Gundumi Upadhya, Kendra D. Conzen, Jianlou Jia, Elizabeth M. Brunt, Venkataswarup Tiriveedhi, Yan Xie, Sabarinathan Ramachandran, Thalachallour Mohanakumar, Nicholas O. Davidson, William C. Chapman – 16 November 2010 – Hepatic steatosis continues to present a major challenge in liver transplantation. These organs have been shown to have increased susceptibility to cold ischemia/reperfusion (CIR) injury in comparison with otherwise comparable lean livers; the mechanisms governing this increased susceptibility to CIR injury are not fully understood.

Sorafenib suppresses postsurgical recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma in an orthotopic mouse model

Yu‐Xiong Feng, Tao Wang, Yue‐Zhen Deng, Pengyuan Yang, Jing‐Jing Li, Dong‐Xian Guan, Fan Yao, Yin‐Qiu Zhu, Ying Qin, Hui Wang, Nan Li, Meng‐Chao Wu, Hong‐Yang Wang, Xiao‐Fan Wang, Shu‐Qun Cheng, Dong Xie – 12 November 2010 – Surgical resection is the first‐line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with well‐preserved liver function. Nevertheless, the rate of postoperative recurrence at 5 years is as high as 70%, and this gravely jeopardizes the therapeutic outcome. Clearly, new approaches are needed for preventing the relapse of this deadly disease.

Dissociation between APOC3 variants, hepatic triglyceride content and insulin resistance

Julia Kozlitina, Eric Boerwinkle, Jonathan C. Cohen, Helen H. Hobbs – 12 November 2010 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an escalating health problem that is frequently associated with obesity and insulin resistance. The mechanistic relationship between NAFLD, obesity, and insulin resistance is not well understood.

Effect of immune pressure on hepatitis C virus evolution: Insights from a single‐source outbreak

Shahzma Merani, Danijela Petrovic, Ian James, Abha Chopra, Don Cooper, Elizabeth Freitas, Andri Rauch, Julia di Iulio, Mina John, Michaela Lucas, Karen Fitzmaurice, Susan McKiernan, Suzanne Norris, Dermot Kelleher, Paul Klenerman, Silvana Gaudieri – 12 November 2010 – The host's immune response to hepatitis C virus (HCV) can result in the selection of characteristic mutations (adaptations) that enable the virus to escape this response.

Inosine triphosphatase genetic variants are protective against anemia during antiviral therapy for HCV2/3 but do not decrease dose reductions of RBV or increase SVR

Alexander J. Thompson, Rosanna Santoro, Valeria Piazzolla, Paul J. Clark, Susanna Naggie, Hans L. Tillmann, Keyur Patel, Andrew J. Muir, Kevin V. Shianna, Leonardo Mottola, Daniela Petruzzellis, Mario Romano, Fernando Sogari, Domenico Facciorusso, David B. Goldstein, John G. McHutchison, Alessandra Mangia – 12 November 2010 – Two functional variants in the inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) gene causing inosine triphosphatase (ITPase) deficiency protect against ribavirin (RBV)‐induced hemolytic anemia and the need for RBV dose reduction in patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus (HCV).

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