Estimation of stage‐specific fibrosis progression rates in chronic hepatitis C virus infection: A meta‐analysis and meta‐regression

Hla‐Hla Thein, Qilong Yi, Gregory J. Dore, Murray D. Krahn – 18 April 2008 – Published estimates of liver fibrosis progression in individuals with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are heterogeneous. We aimed to estimate stage‐specific fibrosis progression rates and their determinants in these individuals. A systematic review of published prognostic studies was undertaken.

Long‐term follow‐up of antimitochondrial antibody–positive autoimmune hepatitis

Conor O'Brien, Supriya Joshi, Jordan J. Feld, Maha Guindi, Hans P. Dienes, E. Jenny Heathcote – 18 April 2008 – Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs) are the serological hallmark for primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). When AMAs are detected in patients with chronic hepatitis, they negatively impact on the autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) scoring system. The purpose of this study was to determine if AMAs detected in the sera of patients with overt AIH have clinical or pathological significance. All patients with a clinicopathologic diagnosis of AIH from one center were reviewed.

Liver‐specific inactivation of Notch2, but not Notch1, compromises intrahepatic bile duct development in mice

Fabian Geisler, Florian Nagl, Pawel K. Mazur, Marcel Lee, Ursula Zimber‐Strobl, Lothar J. Strobl, Freddy Radtke, Roland M. Schmid, Jens T. Siveke – 18 April 2008 – The Notch pathway is an evolutionary conserved, intercellular signaling pathway that plays an important role in cell fate specification and the embryonic development of many organs, including the liver. In humans, mutations in the Notch receptor ligand Jagged1 gene result in defective intrahepatic bile duct (IHBD) development in Alagille syndrome.

Single‐nucleotide polymorphism analysis of the multidrug resistance protein 3 gene for the detection of clinical progression in Japanese patients with primary biliary cirrhosis

Yuki Ohishi, Minoru Nakamura, Naomi Iio, Shingo Higa, Mao Inayoshi, Yoshihiro Aiba, Atsumasa Komori, Katsuhisa Omagari, Hiromi Ishibashi, Kazuhiro Tsukamoto – 18 April 2008 – Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a multifactorial disease in which genetic factors rather than environmental factors may predominantly contribute to the pathogenesis.

Accuracy and reproducibility of transient elastography for the diagnosis of fibrosis in pediatric nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Valerio Nobili, Francesco Vizzutti, Umberto Arena, Juan G. Abraldes, Fabio Marra, Andrea Pietrobattista, Rodolfo Fruhwirth, Matilde Marcellini, Massimo Pinzani – 18 April 2008 – Transient elastography (TE) has received increasing attention as a means to evaluate disease progression in chronic liver disease patients. In this study, we assessed the value of TE for the prediction of fibrosis stage in a cohort of pediatric patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Furthermore, TE interobserver agreement was evaluated.

Selection of high‐avidity CD8 T cells correlates with control of hepatitis C virus infection

Bérangère Neveu, Emilie Debeaupuis, Klara Echasserieau, Béatrice le Moullac‐Vaidye, Michelle Gassin, Loïg Jegou, Jérémie Decalf, Matthew Albert, Nicolas Ferry, Jérôme Gournay, Elisabeth Houssaint, Marc Bonneville, Xavier Saulquin – 18 April 2008 – Both strong antigenic avidity and acquisition of proper effector functions contribute to the efficacy of antiviral T cell responses.

Nuclear receptor cofactor receptor interacting protein 140 controls hepatic triglyceride metabolism during wasting in mice

Mauricio Berriel Diaz, Anja Krones‐Herzig, Dagmar Metzger, Anja Ziegler, Alexandros Vegiopoulos, Martin Klingenspor, Karin Müller‐Decker, Stephan Herzig – 18 April 2008 – In mammals, triglycerides (TG) represent the most concentrated form of energy. Aberrant TG storage and availability are intimately linked to the negative energy balance under severe clinical conditions, such as starvation, sepsis, or cancer cachexia. Despite its crucial role for energy homeostasis, molecular key determinants of TG metabolism remain enigmatic.

Cognitive impairment in primary biliary cirrhosis: Symptom impact and potential etiology

Julia L. Newton, Kieren G. Hollingsworth, Roy Taylor, Ahmed M. El‐Sharkawy, Zia Uda Khan, Ruth Pearce, Kathryn Sutcliffe, Oke Okonkwo, Adrian Davidson, Jennifer Burt, Andrew M. Blamire, David Jones – 16 April 2008 – Qualitative studies suggest that patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) experience significant problems with memory and concentration. Studies of nonhepatic disease have linked hypotension and cognitive impairment.

Genetic control of resistance to hepatocarcinogenesis by the mouse Hpcr3 locus

Giacomo Manenti, Antonella Galvan, F. Stefania Falvella, Rosa M. Pascale, Elena Spada, Silvano Milani, Anna Gonzalez Neira, Francesco Feo, Tommaso A. Dragani – 16 April 2008 – The genome of the BALB/c mouse strain provides alleles that dominantly inhibit hepatocellular tumor development in F1 crosses with the highly hepatocarcinogenesis‐susceptible C3H/He strain.

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