Autophagy in the liver

Xiao‐Ming Yin, Wen‐Xing Ding, Wentao Gao – 7 April 2008 – A great part of our current understanding of mammalian macroautophagy is derived from studies of the liver. The term “autophagy” was introduced by Christian de Duve in part based on ultrastructural changes in rat liver following glucagon injection. Subsequent morphological, biochemical, and kinetics studies of autophagy in the liver defined the basic process of autophagosome formation, maturation, and degradation and the regulation of autophagy by hormones, phosphoinositide 3‐kinases, and mammalian target of rapamycin.

Multidrug resistance–associated proteins are crucial for the viability of activated rat hepatic stellate cells

Rebekka A. Hannivoort, Sandra Dunning, Sara Vander Borght, Ben Schroyen, Jannes Woudenberg, Fiona Oakley, Manon Buist‐Homan, Fiona A. J. van den Heuvel, Mariska Geuken, Albert Geerts, Tania Roskams, Klaas Nico Faber, Han Moshage – 28 March 2008 – Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) survive and proliferate in the chronically injured liver. ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters play a crucial role in cell viability by transporting toxic metabolites or xenobiotics out of the cell.

Ammonia induces RNA oxidation in cultured astrocytes and brain in vivo

Boris Görg, Natalia Qvartskhava, Verena Keitel, Hans J. Bidmon, Oliver Selbach, Freimut Schliess, Dieter Häussinger – 28 March 2008 – Oxidative stress plays a major role in cerebral ammonia toxicity and the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). As shown in this study, ammonia induces a rapid RNA oxidation in cultured rat astrocytes, vital mouse brain slices, and rat brain in vivo.

Metabolic liver disease in children

Keli Hansen, Simon Horslen – 26 March 2008 – The aim of this article is to provide essential information for hepatologists, who primarily care for adults, regarding liver‐based inborn errors of metabolism with particular reference to those that may be treatable with liver transplantation and to provide adequate references for more in‐depth study should one of these disease states be encountered. Liver Transpl 14:391–411, 2008. © 2008 AASLD.

Subscribe to