CpG oligodeoxynucleotide triggers the liver inflammatory reaction and abrogates spontaneous tolerance

Lian‐Li Ma, Xiudan Gao, Liping Liu, Zhidan Xiang, Timothy S. Blackwell, Philip Williams, Ravi S. Chari, Deng‐Ping Yin – 29 July 2009 – Liver allografts are spontaneously accepted in the liver transplantation mouse model; however, the basis for this tolerance and the conditions that abrogate spontaneous tolerance to liver allografts are incompletely understood. We examined the role of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) in triggering the liver inflammatory reaction and allograft rejection.

Proliferative alloresponse of T‐cytotoxic cells identifies rejection‐prone children with steroid‐free liver transplantation

Chethan Ashokkumar, Qing Sun, Ankit Gupta, Brandon W. Higgs, Tamara Fazzolare, Lisa Remaley, George Mazariegos, Kyle Soltys, Geoffrey Bond, Rakesh Sindhi – 29 July 2009 – Donor‐induced and third‐party–induced proliferation of T‐helper and T‐cytotoxic (Tc) cells and their naïve and memory subsets was evaluated simultaneously in single blood samples from 77 children who received steroid‐free liver transplantation (LTx) after induction with rabbit anti‐human thymocyte globulin.

No evidence for systemic platelet activation during or after orthotopic liver transplantation

Ilona T. A. Pereboom, Jelle Adelmeijer, Yvonne van Leeuwen, Herman G. D. Hendriks, Robert J. Porte, Ton Lisman – 29 July 2009 – Platelet function is thought to deteriorate during liver transplantation as a result of platelet activation and proteolysis of platelet receptors by plasmin following reperfusion. However, this hypothesis has never been formally tested. Twenty patients undergoing a first or second liver transplant were included in the study. Blood samples were taken at standardized time points during transplantation and up to 10 days after transplantation.

Incidence, risk factors, and outcome of chronic rejection during antiviral therapy for posttransplant recurrent hepatitis C

Inmaculada Fernández, Esperanza Ulloa, Francisco Colina, Manuel Abradelo, Carlos Jiménez, Alberto Gimeno, Juan Carlos Meneu, Carlos Lumbreras, José Antonio Solís‐Herruzo, Enrique Moreno – 29 July 2009 – Antiviral therapy for recurrent hepatitis C in liver transplantation has been associated with the development of chronic rejection. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence, evolution, and risk factors associated with the development of chronic rejection during posttransplant hepatitis C virus antiviral therapy.

Early high peak hepatitis C viral load levels independently predict hepatitis C–related liver failure post–liver transplantation

Nicholas A. Shackel, Jade Jamias, Wassim Rahman, Emilia Prakoso, Simone I. Strasser, David J. Koorey, Michael D. Crawford, Deborah J. Verran, James Gallagher, Geoffrey W. McCaughan – 26 June 2009 – The aim of this study was to examine the importance of the serum hepatitis C viral load within the first year post–liver transplant in determining posttransplant survival.

Unexplained and prolonged perioperative hypotension after orthotopic liver transplantation: Undiagnosed systemic mastocytosis

Darrin L. Willingham, Prith Peiris, Juan M. Canabal, Murli Krishna, Winston R. Hewitt, Timothy S. J. Shine, Lisa C. Arasi, Jaime Aranda‐Michel, Christopher B. Hughes, David J. Kramer – 26 June 2009 – Arterial vasodilation is common in end‐stage liver disease, and systemic hypotension often may develop, despite an increase in cardiac output. During the preparation for and the performance of orthotopic liver transplantation, expected and transient hypotension may be caused by induction agents, anesthetic agents, liver mobilization, or venous clamping.

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