Reduction of glycosphingolipid biosynthesis stimulates biliary lipid secretion in mice

Nora Bijl, Cindy P. A. A. van Roomen, Vassilis Triantis, Milka Sokolovic, Roelof Ottenhoff, Saskia Scheij, Marco van Eijk, Rolf G. Boot, Johannes M. Aerts, Albert K. Groen – 28 January 2009 – Recent reports indicate that glycosphingolipids play an important role in regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. We have shown that the iminosugar N‐(5′‐adamantane‐1′‐yl‐methoxy)‐pentyl‐1‐deoxynojirimycin (AMP‐DNM), an inhibitor of the enzyme glucosylceramide synthase, is a potent enhancer of insulin signaling in rodent models for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

Hepatic steatosis in response to acute alcohol exposure in zebrafish requires sterol regulatory element binding protein activation

Michael J. Passeri, Ayca Cinaroglu, Chuan Gao, Kirsten C. Sadler – 28 January 2009 – Steatosis is the most common consequence of acute alcohol abuse and may predispose to more severe hepatic disease. Increased lipogenesis driven by the sterol response element binding protein (SREBP) transcription factors is essential for steatosis associated with chronic alcohol ingestion, but the mechanisms underlying steatosis following acute alcohol exposure are unknown.

Rat hepatocyte spheroids formed by rocked technique maintain differentiated hepatocyte gene expression and function

Colleen M. Brophy, Jennifer L. Luebke‐Wheeler, Bruce P. Amiot, Harris Khan, Rory P. Remmel, Piero Rinaldo, Scott L. Nyberg – 28 January 2009 – The culture of primary hepatocytes as spheroids creates an efficient three‐dimensional tissue construct for hepatic studies in vitro. Spheroids possess structural polarity and functional bile canaliculi with normal differentiated function. Thus, hepatocyte spheroids have been proposed as the cell source in a variety of diagnostic, discovery, and therapeutic applications, such as a bioartificial liver.

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George V. Papatheodoridis, Emanuel K. Manesis, Spilios Manolakopoulos, Ioannis S. Elefsiniotis, John Goulis, Athanasios J. Archimandritis – 28 January 2009

Impact of preoperative overt hepatic encephalopathy on neurocognitive function after liver transplantation

Eva U. Sotil, Jeanne Gottstein, Edgar Ayala, Christopher Randolph, Andres T. Blei – 28 January 2009 – In the current Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease allocation system, patients are at risk of suffering repeated episodes of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) while waiting for an orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT); the posttransplantation impact of these episodes has not been well explored.

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