Nonalcoholic fatty liver sensitizes rats to carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity

Shashikiran Donthamsetty, Vishakha S. Bhave, Mayurranjan S. Mitra, John R. Latendresse, Harihara M. Mehendale – 26 January 2007 – This study tested whether hepatic steatosis sensitizes liver to toxicant‐induced injury and investigated the potential mechanisms of hepatotoxic sensitivity. Male Sprague‐Dawley rats were fed a methionine‐ and choline‐deficient diet for 31 days to induce steatosis.

Cytotoxic T‐cell‐mediated defense against infections in human liver transplant recipients

Koichi Tanaka, Shinji Uemoto, Hiroto Egawa, Yasutsugu Takada, Kazue Ozawa, Satoshi Teramukai, Mureo Kasahara, Kohei Ogawa, Masako Ono, Hiroshi Sato, Kenji Takai, Masanori Fukushima, Kayo Inaba – 26 January 2007 – Previous studies have shown that postoperative infection is highest in transplant recipients with preexisting high levels of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). To study this phenomenon, 106 adult liver transplant recipients were divided into 3 groups, based on hierarchical clustering of the CD3+CD8+CD45 isoform fractions prior to living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).

Liver retransplantation for primary nonfunction: Analysis of a 20‐year single‐center experience

Tadahiro Uemura, Henry B. Randall, Edmund Q. Sanchez, Toru Ikegami, Gomathy Narasimhan, Greg J. McKenna, Srinath Chinnakotla, Marlon F. Levy, Robert M. Goldstein, Goran B. Klintmalm – 26 January 2007 – Initial graft function following liver transplantation is a major determinant of postoperative survival and morbidity. Primary graft nonfunction (PNF) is uncommon; however, it is one of the most serious and life‐threatening conditions in the immediate postoperative period.

Primary graft nonfunction and Kupffer cell activation after liver transplantation from non‐heart‐beating donors in pigs

Diethard Monbaliu, Jos van Pelt, Rita De Vos, Joanne Greenwood, Jaakko Parkkinen, Tina Crabbé, Marcel Zeegers, Katrien Vekemans, Joël Pincemail, Jean‐Olivier Defraigne, Johan Fevery, Jacques Pirenne – 26 January 2007 – More extensive use of non‐heart‐beating donors (NHBD) could reduce mortality on liver transplantation waiting lists, but this is associated with more primary nonfunction (PNF).

Platelets and platelet‐derived serotonin promote tissue repair after normothermic hepatic ischemia in mice

Antonio Nocito, Panco Georgiev, Felix Dahm, Wolfram Jochum, Michael Bader, Rolf Graf, Pierre‐Alain Clavien – 26 January 2007 – Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) leads to the formation of leukocyte–platelet aggregates. Upon activation, platelets generate reactive oxygen species and release proapoptotic and proinflammatory mediators as well as growth factors. In cold hepatic ischemia, adhesion of platelets to endothelial cells mediates sinusoidal endothelial cell apoptosis. Furthermore, platelet‐derived serotonin mediates liver regeneration.

Human and rat bile acid–CoA:amino acid N‐acyltransferase are liver‐specific peroxisomal enzymes: Implications for intracellular bile salt transport

Antonella Pellicoro, Fiona A. J. van den Heuvel, Mariska Geuken, Han Moshage, Peter L. M. Jansen, Klaas Nico Faber – 26 January 2007 – Bile acid–coenzyme A:amino acid N‐acyltransferase (BAAT) is the sole enzyme responsible for conjugation of primary and secondary bile acids to taurine and glycine. Previous studies indicate a peroxisomal location of BAAT in peroxisomes with variable amounts up to 95% detected in cytosolic fractions. The absence or presence of a cytosolic pool of BAAT has important implications for the intracellular transport of unconjugated/deconjugated bile salts.

Mutual changes of thioredoxin and nitrosothiols during biliary cirrhosis: Results from humans and cholestatic rats

Ignazio Grattagliano, Piero Portincasa, Vincenzo O. Palmieri, Giuseppe Palasciano – 26 January 2007 – Cholestasis is associated with changes in NO metabolism and thiol oxidation. Thioredoxin contributes to regulate vascular tone and intracellular redox status by cleaving nitrosothiols and maintaining −SH groups. This study investigated the changes in circulating thioredoxin and nitrosothiols and the relationship with protein sulfhydryls (PSH), hepatic concentrations, hyaluronate, and histology in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and in rats with bile duct ligation (BDL).

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