Nico Mitro, Cristina Godio, Emma De Fabiani, Elena Scotti, Andrea Galmozzi, Federica Gilardi, Donatella Caruso, Ana Belen Vigil Chacon, Maurizio Crestani – 24 August 2007 – The transcription of the gene (CYP7A1) encoding cholesterol 7α‐hydroxylase, a key enzyme in cholesterol homeostasis, is repressed by bile acids via multiple mechanisms involving members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Here, we describe a regulatory mechanism that can be exploited for modulating bile acid synthesis.

Konstantinos N. Lazaridis, Brian D. Juran, Gwen M. Boe, Joshua P. Slusser, Mariza de Andrade, Henry A. Homburger, Karthik Ghosh, E. Rolland Dickson, Keith D. Lindor, Gloria M. Petersen – 24 August 2007 – Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disorder that can progress to cirrhosis, shortening life expectancy. PBC patients are often asymptomatic, present with biochemical cholestasis, and test positive (≥90%) for antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs) in serum.

Yun‐Fan Liaw – 24 August 2007

James Versalovic – 24 August 2007

Thomas F. Baumert, Christine Rösler, Michael H. Malim, Fritz von Weizsäcker – 24 August 2007 – APOBEC3G (A3G) and APOBEC3C (A3C), 2 members of the APOBEC family, are cellular cytidine deaminases displaying broad antiretroviral activity. A3G inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) production by interfering with HBV replication without hypermutating the majority of HBV genomes. In contrast, A3C has little effect on HBV DNA synthesis. The aim of this study was to further dissect the mechanisms by which A3G and A3C interfere with the HBV life cycle.

Rafael Mayoral, Amalia Fernández‐Martínez, Rosa Roy, Lisardo Boscá, Paloma Martín‐Sanz – 24 August 2007 – Caveolae participate in several cellular processes such as vesicular transport, cholesterol homeostasis, regulation of signal transduction, integrin signaling, and cell growth. The expression and functional role of caveolin (Cav), the most abundant protein of caveolae, has been reported in liver and in different hepatocyte cell lines, in human cirrhotic liver, and in hepatocellular carcinomas.

Deborah L. Diamond, Jon M. Jacobs, Bryan Paeper, Sean C. Proll, Marina A. Gritsenko, Robert L. Carithers, Anne M. Larson, Matthew M. Yeh, David G. Camp, Richard D. Smith, Michael G. Katze – 24 August 2007 – Liver biopsies from hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐infected patients offer the unique opportunity to study human liver biology and disease in vivo. However, the low protein yields associated with these small samples present a significant challenge for proteomic analysis.

17 August 2007

Lee‐Jun C. Wong, Nicola Brunetti‐Pierri, Qing Zhang, Nada Yazigi, Kevin E. Bove, Beverly B. Dahms, Michelle A. Puchowicz, Ignacio Gonzalez‐Gomez, Eric S. Schmitt, Cavatina K. Truong, Charles L. Hoppel, Ping‐Chieh Chou, Jing Wang, Erin E. Baldwin, Darius Adams, Nancy Leslie, Richard G. Boles, Douglas S. Kerr, William J. Craigen – 10 August 2007 – MPV17 is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein of unknown function recently recognized as responsible for a mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome.

Hannah Jackson, Masoud Solaymani‐Dodaran, Tim R. Card, Guruprasad P. Aithal, Richard Logan, Joe West – 8 August 2007 – There is debate over the mortality and malignancy risk in people with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and whether this risk is reduced by use of ursodeoxycholic acid. To investigate this issue, we identified 930 people with PBC and 9,202 control subjects from the General Practice Research Database in the United Kingdom. We categorized regular ursodeoxycholic acid as treatment with 6 or more prescriptions and nonregular treatment as less than 6.