Reduced monocyte HLA‐DR expression: A novel biomarker of disease severity and outcome in acetaminophen‐induced acute liver failure
Charalambos Gustav Antoniades, Philip A. Berry, Edward T. Davies, Munther Hussain, William Bernal, Diego Vergani, Julia Wendon – 23 June 2006 – Acute liver failure (ALF) shares striking similarities with septic shock where a decrease in HLA‐DR expression on monocytes is associated with disease severity and predicts outcome. We investigated monocyte HLA‐DR expression in ALF in relation to inflammatory mediator levels and clinical outcome. Monocyte HLA‐DR expression was determined in 50 patients with acetaminophen‐induced ALF (AALF) and 20 non–acetaminophen‐induced ALF (NAALF).