Mac‐2‐binding protein glycan isomer predicts all malignancies after sustained virological response in chronic hepatitis C

Kazuhito Kawata, Masanori Atsukawa, Kazuyoshi Ohta, Takeshi Chida, Hidenao Noritake, Taeang Arai, Katsuhiko Iwakiri, Satoshi Yasuda, Hidenori Toyoda, Tomomi Okubo, Atsushi Hiraoka, Tsunamasa Watanabe, Haruki Uojima, Akito Nozaki, Joji Tani, Asahiro Morishita, Fujito Kageyama, Yuzo Sasada, Masamichi Nagasawa, Masahiro Matsushita, Tatsuki Oyaizu, Shigeru Mikami, Tadashi Ikegami, Hiroshi Abe, Kentaro Matsuura, Yasuhito Tanaka, Akihito Tsubota – 27 March 2022 – Despite reports of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection after achieving sustained

Insights from shotgun metagenomics into bacterial species and metabolic pathways associated with NAFLD in obese youth

Todd Testerman, Zhongyao Li, Brittany Galuppo, Joerg Graf, Nicola Santoro – 27 March 2022 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of liver disease and is often the precursor for more serious liver conditions such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Although the gut microbiome has been implicated in the development of NAFLD, the strong association of obesity with NAFLD and its effect on microbiome structure has made interpreting study outcomes difficult.

Ablation of high‐mobility group box‐1 in the liver reduces hepatocellular carcinoma but causes hyperbilirubinemia in Hippo signaling‐deficient mice

Dipti Athavale, Zhuolun Song, Romain Desert, Hui Han, Sukanta Das, Xiaodong Ge, Sai Santosh Babu Komakula, Wei Chen, Shenglan Gao, Daniel Lantvit, Grace Guzman, Natalia Nieto – 27 March 2022 – Silencing the Hippo kinases mammalian sterile 20‐like 1 and 2 (MST1/2) activates the transcriptional coactivator yes‐associated protein (YAP) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatocyte‐derived high‐mobility group box‐1 (HMGB1) regulates YAP expression; however, its contribution to HCC in the context of deregulated Hippo signaling is unknown.

Circulating HBV RNA: From biology to clinical applications

Rui Deng, Shi Liu, Sheng Shen, Haitao Guo, Jian Sun – 27 March 2022 – Chronic HBV infection can hardly be cured due to the persistence of an intrahepatic pool of viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) transcription template, which is refractory to current antivirals. The direct analyses of cccDNA quantity and transcriptional activity require an invasive biopsy. Recently, circulating HBV RNA has been identified as a promising noninvasive surrogate marker of cccDNA and can be used for monitoring disease progression and predicting prognosis of patients with chronic HBV infection.

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