Peter Ferenci, S.Chris Pappas, Peter J. Munson, Ken Henson, E. Anthony Jones – 1 March 1984 – It has previously been shown in an animal model of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) that the number of receptors for the inhibitory neurotransmitter, γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), increases and that the number of receptors for the excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate, decreases.
Nikolai V. Naumov, Mario Mondelli, Graeme J. M. Alexander, Richard S. Tedder, Adrian L. W. F. Eddleston, Roger Williams – 1 January 1984 – Previous studies demonstrated that peripheral blood lymphocytes are cytotoxic to autologous hepatocytes in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. We examined whether cytotoxicity is specifically directed against hepatocytes expressing HBsAg or HBcAg.
Antoni Rimola, Ramón Soto, Felipe Bory, Vicente Arroyo, Carlos Piera, Joan Rodes – 1 January 1984 – The reticuloendothelial system phagocytic activity, estimated by the plasma elimination rate constant of 99mtechnetium‐sulfur colloid, was studied in 41 decompensated cirrhotics and 10 normal subjects. The results were related to the incidence and type of bacterial infections occurring during hospitalization and follow‐up, and to survival.
Christopher J. Burrell, Eric J. Gowans, Robert Rowland, Pauline Hall, Allison R. Jilbert, Barrie P. Marmion – 1 January 1984 – Liver sections from 18 patients positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and from 12 negative patients, were examined for the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA using an in situ hybridization assay that would identify only those hepatocytes containing more than 10 to 15 HBV genome equivalents per cell. Such cells are likely to be undergoing active viral replication, rather than latent infection.
David H. Van Thiel, Robert R. Schade, Thomas R. Hakala, Thomas E. Starzl, Donald Denny – 1 January 1984 – The incidence of prospective organ donors in the United States and the techniques which are to used to guarantee their optimal use after identification are analyzed. Attitudes of the public and health professionals toward organ donation are discussed.
Eberhard Renner, Hubertus Wietholtz, Philipp Huguenin, Maurice J. Arnaud, Rudolf Preisig – 1 January 1984 – The effects of liver disease on caffeine plasma clearance (CI) and on exhalation of 14CO2 following i.v. injection of 2 μCi of [ 3‐methyl‐14C]caffeine together with 125 mg of the unlabeled compound were measured in 15 patients with cirrhosis, 11 subjects with miscellaneous liver disease, and 10 normal volunteers. Compared to mean values for CI (2.02 ± S.D.
David H. Van Thiel, Robert R. Schade, Judith S. Gavaler, Byers W. Shaw, Shunzaburo Iwatsuki, Thomas E. Starzl – 1 January 1984 – The methods used to screen prospective candidates for orthotopic liver transplantation are described. Both the indication and the contraindications for the procedure are discussed. The timing of the procedure during the course of an individual candidate's liver disease is also discussed. Additionally, the institutional requirements of a liver transplant center are identified.
Willis C. Maddrey – 1 January 1984 – Hepatic vein thrombosis (Budd‐Chiari Syndrome) is a rare disorder resulting from obstruction to the outflow of blood from the liver. The characteristic pathologic findings are intense congestion most pronounced around the terminal hepatic venules, cell necrosis, and a scant inflammatory reaction. Major clinical manifestations include hepatomegaly, right upper quadrant abdominal pain, and ascites.
Daniel Alagille – 1 January 1984 – Liver disease related to a–1–antitrypsin deficiency occurs only in Pi ZZ homozygous children. Eleven per cent of Pi ZZ infants present with prolonged neonatal cholestasis. In our group, 25 of 45 Pi ZZ infants with prolonged neonatal cholestasis presented with later cirrhosis. Persistence of jaundice beyond the sixth month of age, early development of splenomegaly, persistence of hard hepatomegaly and liver function abnormalities, and early portal fibrosis have a poor prognostic significance.