Hepatocellular Carcinoma–Circulating Tumor Cells Expressing PD‐L1 Are Prognostic and Potentially Associated With Response to Checkpoint Inhibitors
Paul Winograd, Shuang Hou, Colin M. Court, Yi‐Te Lee, Pin‐Jung Chen, Yazhen Zhu, Saeed Sadeghi, Richard S. Finn, Pai‐Chi Teng, Jasmin J. Wang, Zhicheng Zhang, Hongtao Liu, Ronald W. Busuttil, James S Tomlinson, Hsian‐Rong Tseng, Vatche G. Agopian – 4 August 2020 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of mortality. Checkpoint inhibitors of programmed cell death protein‐1 (PD‐1) and programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) have shown great efficacy, but lack biomarkers that predict response.