Quality Measures, All‐Cause Mortality, and Health Care Use in a National Cohort of Veterans With Cirrhosis

Marina Serper, David E. Kaplan, Justine Shults, Peter P. Reese, Lauren A. Beste, Tamar H. Taddei, Rachel M. Werner – 20 May 2019 – Decompensated cirrhosis is associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, no standardized quality measures (QMs) have yet been adopted widely.

Glucose‐6‐Phosphate Regulates Hepatic Bile Acid Synthesis in Mice

Joanne A. Hoogerland, Yu Lei, Justina C. Wolters, Jan Freark Boer, Trijnie Bos, Aycha Bleeker, Niels L. Mulder, Theo H. Dijk, Jan A. Kuivenhoven, Fabienne Rajas, Gilles Mithieux, Rebecca A. Haeusler, Henkjan J. Verkade, Vincent W. Bloks, Folkert Kuipers, Maaike H. Oosterveer – 18 May 2019 – It is well established that, besides facilitating lipid absorption, bile acids act as signaling molecules that modulate glucose and lipid metabolism. Bile acid metabolism, in turn, is controlled by several nutrient‐sensitive transcription factors.

Identification of Factors Affecting Tacrolimus Trough Levels in Latin American Pediatric Liver Transplant Patients

Natalia Riva, Jean‐Baptiste Woillard, Maximiliano Distefano, Matias Moragas, Marcelo Dip, Esteban Halac, Paulo Cáceres Guido, Nieves Licciardone, Andrea Mangano, Andrea Bosaleh, María Teresa Davila, Paula Schaiquevich, Oscar Imventarza – 18 May 2019 – Tacrolimus is the cornerstone in pediatric liver transplant immunosuppression. Despite close monitoring, fluctuations in tacrolimus blood levels affect safety and efficacy of immunosuppressive treatments. Identifying the factors related to the variability in tacrolimus exposure may be helpful in tailoring the dose.

Cystic Fibrosis–Associated Liver Disease in Lung Transplant Recipients

Jorge Mallea, Candice Bolan, Cherise Cortese, Denise Harnois – 18 May 2019 – Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by mutations in the gene that encodes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR). CFTR gene mutations manifest as epithelial cell dysfunction in the airways, biliary tract, pancreas, gut, sweat glands, paranasal sinuses, and genitourinary tract.

Rat Organic Anion Transport Protein 1A1 Interacts Directly With Organic Anion Transport Protein 1A4 Facilitating Its Maturation and Trafficking to the Hepatocyte Plasma Membrane

Pijun Wang, Wen‐Jun Wang, Jo Choi‐Nurvitadhi, Yaniuska Lescaille, John W. Murray, Allan W. Wolkoff – 18 May 2019 – Organic anion transport proteins (OATPs) on the basolateral surface of hepatocytes mediate uptake of a number of drugs and endogenous compounds. Previous studies showed that rat OATP1A1 (rOATP1A1) has a postsynaptic density protein, drosophila disc large tumor suppressor, zonula occludens‐1 protein (PDZ) consensus binding motif at its C‐terminus and binds to PDZ domain containing 1 (PDZK1), which is required for its cell‐surface localization.

IL‐6 Trans‐signaling Controls Liver Regeneration After Partial Hepatectomy

Nastaran Fazel Modares, Robin Polz, Fereshteh Haghighi, Larissa Lamertz, Kristina Behnke, Yuan Zhuang, Claus Kordes, Dieter Häussinger, Ursula R. Sorg, Klaus Pfeffer, Doreen M. Floss, Jens M. Moll, Roland P. Piekorz, M. Reza Ahmadian, Philipp A. Lang, Jürgen Scheller – 17 May 2019 – Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) is critically involved in liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PHX). Previous reports suggest that IL‐6 trans‐signaling through the soluble IL‐6/IL‐6R complex is involved in this process.

Prevention of Cholestatic Liver Disease and Reduced Tumorigenicity in a Murine Model of PFIC Type 3 Using Hybrid AAV‐piggyBac Gene Therapy

Susan M. Siew, Sharon C. Cunningham, Erhua Zhu, Szun S. Tay, Elena Venuti, Christine Bolitho, Ian E. Alexander – 17 May 2019 – Recombinant adeno‐associated viral (rAAV) vectors are highly promising vehicles for liver‐targeted gene transfer, with therapeutic efficacy demonstrated in preclinical models and clinical trials. Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 (PFIC3), an inherited juvenile‐onset, cholestatic liver disease caused by homozygous mutation of the ABCB4 gene, may be a promising candidate for rAAV‐mediated liver‐targeted gene therapy.

Tropifexor‐Mediated Abrogation of Steatohepatitis and Fibrosis Is Associated With the Antioxidative Gene Expression Profile in Rodents

Eloy D. Hernandez, Lianxing Zheng, Young Kim, Bin Fang, Bo Liu, Reginald A. Valdez, William F. Dietrich, Paul V. Rucker, Donatella Chianelli, James Schmeits, Dingjiu Bao, Jocelyn Zoll, Claire Dubois, Glenn C. Federe, Lihao Chen, Sean B. Joseph, Lloyd B. Klickstein, John Walker, Valentina Molteni, Peter McNamara, Shelly Meeusen, David C. Tully, Michael K. Badman, Jie Xu, Bryan Laffitte – 17 May 2019 – Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonism is emerging as an important potential therapeutic mechanism of action for multiple chronic liver diseases.

Hepatitis E Virus Infections Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Positive Individuals During an Outbreak of Acute Hepatitis A in Taiwan

Kuan‐Yin Lin, Pi‐Han Lin, Hsin‐Yun Sun, Yi‐Ting Chen, Li‐Hsin Su, Yi‐Ching Su, Shu‐Yuan Ho, Wen‐Chun Liu, Sui‐Yuan Chang, Chien‐Ching Hung, Shan‐Chwen Chang – 17 May 2019 – Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) share the similar fecal‐oral transmission route. During an outbreak of sexually transmitted acute hepatitis A among men who have sex with men (MSM) worldwide between 2015 and 2017, we investigated the possibility of sexual transmission and related morbidity of HEV infection among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐positive patients.

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