Retinoic Acid Receptor‐β Is Downregulated in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cirrhosis and Its Expression Inhibits Myosin‐Driven Activation and Durotaxis in Hepatic Stellate Cells

Ernesto Cortes, Dariusz Lachowski, Alistair Rice, Antonios Chronopoulos, Benjamin Robinson, Stephen Thorpe, David A Lee, Lucia A Possamai, Haiyun Wang, David J Pinato, Armando E. del Río Hernández – 28 July 2018 – Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are essential perisinusoidal cells in both healthy and diseased liver. HSCs modulate extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis when quiescent, but in liver fibrosis, HSCs become activated and promote excess deposition of ECM molecules and tissue stiffening via force generation and mechanosensing.

Schistosoma mansoni Egg–Secreted Antigens Activate Hepatocellular Carcinoma–Associated Transcription Factors c‐Jun and STAT3 in Hamster and Human Hepatocytes

Martin Roderfeld, Sevinc Padem, Jakob Lichtenberger, Thomas Quack, Ralf Weiskirchen, Thomas Longerich, Gabriele Schramm, Yuri Churin, Karuna Irungbam, Annette Tschuschner, Anita Windhorst, Christoph G. Grevelding, Elke Roeb – 27 July 2018 – Clinical data have provided evidence that schistosomiasis can promote hepatocellular carcinogenesis. c‐Jun and STAT3 are critical regulators of liver cancer development and progression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the hepatocellular activation of c‐Jun and STAT3 by Schistosoma mansoni infection.

FUN14 Domain‐Containing 1–Mediated Mitophagy Suppresses Hepatocarcinogenesis by Inhibition of Inflammasome Activation in Mice

Wenhui Li, Yanjun Li, Sami Siraj, Haojie Jin, Yuyuan Fan, Xinrong Yang, Xiaowu Huang, Xiaohui Wang, Jun Wang, Lei Liu, Lei Du, Quan Chen – 27 July 2018 – Mitochondria lie at the heart of innate immunity, and aberrant mitochondrial activity contributes to immune activation and chronic inflammatory diseases, including liver cancers. Mitophagy is a selective process for removing dysfunctional mitochondria. The link between mitophagy and inflammation in tumorigenesis remains largely unexplored.

Pregnane X Receptor Regulates Liver Size and Liver Cell Fate by Yes‐Associated Protein Activation in Mice

Yiming Jiang, Dechun Feng, Xiaochao Ma, Shicheng Fan, Yue Gao, Kaili Fu, Ying Wang, Jiahong Sun, Xinpeng Yao, Conghui Liu, Huizhen Zhang, Leqian Xu, Aiming Liu, Frank J. Gonzalez, Yingzi Yang, Bin Gao, Min Huang, Huichang Bi – 26 July 2018 – Activation of pregnane X receptor (PXR), a nuclear receptor that controls xenobiotic and endobiotic metabolism, is known to induce liver enlargement, but the molecular signals and cell types responding to PXR‐induced hepatomegaly remain unknown.

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