Up‐regulation of golgi α‐mannosidase IA and down‐regulation of golgi α‐mannosidase IC activates unfolded protein response during hepatocarcinogenesis

Hsiao‐Chen Tu, Yung‐Chun Hsiao, Wan‐Yu Yang, Shin‐Lin Tsai, Hua‐Kuo Lin, Chong‐Yi Liao, Jeng‐Wei Lu, Yu‐Ting Chou, Horng‐Dar Wang, Chiou‐Hwa Yuh – 19 April 2017 – α‐1,2 mannosidases, key enzymes in N‐glycosylation, are required for the formation of mature glycoproteins in eukaryotes. Aberrant regulation of α‐1,2 mannosidases can result in cancer, although the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we report the distinct roles of α‐1,2 mannosidase subtypes (MAN1A, MAN1B, ERMAN1, MAN1C) in the formation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Development of a novel frailty index to predict mortality in patients with end‐stage liver disease

Jennifer C. Lai, Kenneth E. Covinsky, Jennifer L. Dodge, W. John Boscardin, Dorry L. Segev, John P. Roberts, Sandy Feng – 19 April 2017 – Cirrhosis is characterized by muscle wasting, malnutrition, and functional decline that confer excess mortality not well quantified by the Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) Sodium (MELDNa) score. We aimed to develop a frailty index to capture these extrahepatic complications of cirrhosis and enhance mortality prediction in patients with cirrhosis.

Pentraxin‐3 modulates lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammatory response and attenuates liver injury

Luis Perea, Mar Coll, Lucia Sanjurjo, Delia Blaya, Adil El Taghdouini, Daniel Rodrigo‐Torres, José Altamirano, Isabel Graupera, Beatriz Aguilar‐Bravo, Marta Llopis, Julia Vallverdú, Joan Caballeria, Leo A. van Grunsven, Maria‐Rosa Sarrias, Pere Ginès, Pau Sancho‐Bru – 19 April 2017 – Acute‐on‐chronic liver injury is characterized by an important inflammatory response frequently associated with endotoxemia. In this context, acute‐phase proteins such as Pentraxin‐3 (PTX3) are released; however, little is known about their role in chronic liver disease.

A simplified multivisceral transplantation procedure for patients with combined end‐stage liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Xiao‐Shun He, Shun‐Jun Fu, Qiang Zhao, Xiao‐Feng Zhu, Dong‐Ping Wang, Ming Han, Wei‐Qiang Ju, Yi Ma, Xing‐Yuan Jiao, Xiao‐Peng Yuan, An‐Bin Hu, Zhi‐Yong Guo – 19 April 2017 – In liver transplant patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), the disease worsens after transplantation because of longterm use of diabetogenic immunosuppressive drugs, making management of those patients a great challenge.

Treating fatty liver disease by modulating mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism

Jerry R. Colca, William G. McDonald, Kyle S. McCommis, Brian N. Finck – 18 April 2017 – Modifying the entry of pyruvate into mitochondria may provide a unique approach to treat metabolic disease. The pharmacology of a new class of insulin sensitizers directed against a newly identified mitochondrial target may treat many aspects of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, including fibrosis. This commentary suggests treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis through a newly identified mechanism consistent with pathophysiology. (Hepatology Communications 2017;1:193‐197)

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