Pentamidine blocks hepatotoxic injury in mice

Enpeng Zhao, Ghulam Ilyas, Francesca Cingolani, Jae Ho Choi, François Ravenelle, Kathryn E. Tanaka, Mark J. Czaja – 3 May 2017 – Toxin‐induced liver diseases lack effective therapies despite increased understanding of the role factors such as an overactive innate immune response play in the pathogenesis of this form of hepatic injury. Pentamidine is an effective antimicrobial agent against several human pathogens, but studies have also suggested that this drug inhibits inflammation.

Autoreactive monoclonal antibodies from patients with primary biliary cholangitis recognize environmental xenobiotics

Toshihiro Tanaka, Weici Zhang, Ying Sun, Zongwen Shuai, Asiya Seema Chida, Thomas P. Kenny, Guo‐Xiang Yang, Ignacio Sanz, Aftab Ansari, Christopher L. Bowlus, Gregory C. Ippolito, Ross L. Coppel, Kazuichi Okazaki, Xiao‐Song He, Patrick S.C. Leung, M. Eric Gershwin – 3 May 2017 – A major problem in autoimmunity has been identification of the earliest events that lead to breach of tolerance.

Alcohol abstinence ameliorates the dysregulated immune profiles in patients with alcoholic hepatitis: A prospective observational study

Wei Li, Tohti Amet, Yanyan Xing, Dennis Yang, Suthat Liangpunsakul, Puneet Puri, Patrick S. Kamath, Arun J. Sanyal, Vijay H. Shah, Barry P. Katz, Svetlana Radaeva, David W. Crabb, Naga Chalasani, Qigui Yu – 2 May 2017 – Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) develops in only a small proportion of heavy drinkers. To better understand the mechanisms underlying this disparity, we conducted a study to define the relationship between AH development and dysregulated immune responses that might be ameliorated by alcohol abstinence.

Main drivers of outcome differ between short term and long term in severe alcoholic hepatitis: A prospective study

Alexandre Louvet, Julien Labreuche, Florent Artru, Alexis Bouthors, Benjamin Rolland, Pierre Saffers, Julien Lollivier, Elise Lemaître, Sébastien Dharancy, Guillaume Lassailly, Valérie Canva‐Delcambre, Alain Duhamel, Philippe Mathurin – 29 April 2017 – Understanding the mechanisms of outcome according to the time frame can help optimize the therapeutic development in severe alcoholic hepatitis.

Main drivers of outcome differ between short term and long term in severe alcoholic hepatitis: A prospective study

Alexandre Louvet, Julien Labreuche, Florent Artru, Alexis Bouthors, Benjamin Rolland, Pierre Saffers, Julien Lollivier, Elise Lemaître, Sébastien Dharancy, Guillaume Lassailly, Valérie Canva‐Delcambre, Alain Duhamel, Philippe Mathurin – 29 April 2017 – Understanding the mechanisms of outcome according to the time frame can help optimize the therapeutic development in severe alcoholic hepatitis.

Polo‐like‐kinase 1 is a proviral host factor for hepatitis B virus replication

Ahmed Diab, Adrien Foca, Floriane Fusil, Thomas Lahlali, Pascal Jalaguier, Fouzia Amirache, Lia N'Guyen, Nathalie Isorce, François‐Loïc Cosset, Fabien Zoulim, Ourania Andrisani, David Durantel – 26 April 2017 – Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and current treatments for chronic hepatitis B and HCC are suboptimal. Herein, we identified cellular serine/threonine Polo‐like‐kinase 1 (PLK1) as a positive effector of HBV replication.

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