Central role of the TIR‐domain‐containing adaptor‐inducing interferon‐β (TRIF) adaptor protein in murine sterile liver injury

Katherine J. Brempelis, Sebastian Y. Yuen, Nicole Schwarz, Isaac Mohar, Ian N. Crispe – 24 January 2017 – Multiple pathways drive the sterile injury response in the liver; however, it is unclear how the type of cells injured or the mechanism of injury activates these pathways. Here, we use a model of selective hepatocyte death to investigate sterile liver injury.

A prospective study of the utility of plasma biomarkers to diagnose alcoholic hepatitis

Julien Bissonnette, José Altamirano, Cécile Devue, Olivier Roux, Audrey Payancé, Didier Lebrec, Pierre Bedossa, Dominique Valla, François Durand, Hafid Ait‐Oufella, Pau Sancho‐Bru, Joan Caballeria, Pere Ginès, Chantal M. Boulanger, Ramon Bataller, Pierre‐Emmanuel Rautou – 24 January 2017 – The diagnosis of alcoholic hepatitis (AH) often requires a transjugular liver biopsy (TJLB), a procedure that is not always readily accessible. We analyzed plasma biomarkers to estimate the presence of histological features of AH among patients with clinical suspicion of AH.

Bile duct ligation–induced biliary hyperplasia, hepatic injury, and fibrosis are reduced in mast cell–deficient KitW‐sh mice

Laura Hargrove, Lindsey Kennedy, Jennifer Demieville, Hannah Jones, Fanyin Meng, Sharon DeMorrow, Walker Karstens, Taronish Madeka, John Greene, Heather Francis – 24 January 2017 – Activated mast cells (MCs) release histamine (HA) and MCs infiltrate the liver following bile duct ligation (BDL), increasing intrahepatic bile duct mass (IBDM) and fibrosis. We evaluated the effects of BDL in MC‐deficient (KitW‐sh) mice.

The Linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex acts as a liver tumor suppressor and inhibits hepatocyte apoptosis and hepatitis

Yutaka Shimizu, Nieves Peltzer, Alexandra Sevko, Elodie Lafont, Aida Sarr, Helena Draberova, Henning Walczak – 24 January 2017 – Linear ubiquitination is a key posttranslational modification that regulates immune signaling and cell death pathways, notably tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) signaling. The only known enzyme complex capable of forming linear ubiquitin chains under native conditions to date is the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex, of which the catalytic core component is heme‐oxidized iron regulatory protein 2 ubiquitin ligase‐1–interacting protein (HOIP).

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