The burden of hepatitis C to the United States Medicare system in 2009: Descriptive and economic characteristics

David B. Rein, Joshua Borton, Danielle K. Liffmann, John S. Wittenborn – 28 December 2015 – The aim of this work was to estimate and describe the Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with hepatitis C virus (HCV) in 2009, incremental annual costs by disease stage, incremental total Medicare HCV payments in 2009 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare linked data covering the years 2002 to 2009.

Prevalence and risk factors of steatosis after liver transplantation and patient outcomes

Irena Hejlova, Eva Honsova, Eva Sticova, Vera Lanska, Tomas Hucl, Julius Spicak, Milan Jirsa, Pavel Trunecka – 28 December 2015 – Steatosis occurs frequently after liver transplantation (LT). We aimed to determine the prevalence of steatosis in adult LT recipients, to determine the effects of significant (>33%; grades 2‐3) steatosis on patient survival, and to identify risk factors for the development of significant steatosis and its effect on fibrosis progression. We retrospectively examined 2360 posttransplant biopsies of 548 LT recipients.

Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease—Meta‐analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes

Zobair M. Younossi, Aaron B. Koenig, Dinan Abdelatif, Yousef Fazel, Linda Henry, Mark Wymer – 28 December 2015 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of liver disease worldwide. We estimated the global prevalence, incidence, progression, and outcomes of NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). PubMed/MEDLINE were searched from 1989 to 2015 for terms involving epidemiology and progression of NAFLD.

Monoclonal anti‐envelope antibody AP33 protects humanized mice against a patient‐derived hepatitis C virus challenge

Isabelle Desombere, Samira Fafi‐Kremer, Freya Van Houtte, Patrick Pessaux, Ali Farhoudi, Laura Heydmann, Lieven Verhoye, Sarah Cole, Jane A. McKeating, Geert Leroux‐Roels, Thomas F. Baumert, Arvind H. Patel, Philip Meuleman – 28 December 2015 – End‐stage liver disease (ESLD) caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major indication for liver transplantation. However, immediately after transplantation, the liver graft of viremic patients universally becomes infected by circulating virus, resulting in accelerated liver disease progression.

Liver transplantation in the mouse: Insights into liver immunobiology, tissue injury, and allograft tolerance

Shinichiro Yokota, Osamu Yoshida, Yoshihiro Ono, David A. Geller, Angus W. Thomson – 28 December 2015 – The surgically demanding mouse orthotopic liver transplant model was first described in 1991. It has proved to be a powerful research tool for the investigation of liver biology, tissue injury, the regulation of alloimmunity and tolerance induction, and the pathogenesis of specific liver diseases.

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