Mutant p53 in concert with an interleukin‐27 receptor alpha deficiency causes spontaneous liver inflammation, fibrosis, and steatosis in mice

Denada Dibra, Xueqing Xia, Abhisek Mitra, Jeffry J. Cutrera, Guillermina Lozano, Shulin Li – 5 December 2015 – The cellular and molecular etiology of unresolved chronic liver inflammation remains obscure. Whereas mutant p53 has gain‐of‐function properties in tumors, the role of this protein in liver inflammation is unknown.

Retinoid regulation of antiviral innate immunity in hepatocytes

Noell E. Cho, Bo‐Ram Bang, Purnima Gurung, Meng Li, Dahn L. Clemens, T. Michael Underhill, Laura P. James, Jenifer R. Chase, Takeshi Saito – 5 December 2015 – Persistent infection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the leading causes of end‐stage liver disease (ESLD), such as decompensated cirrhosis and liver cancer. Of particular note, nearly half of HCV‐infected people in the United States are reported to be heavy drinkers. This particular group of patients is known to rapidly progress to the ESLD.

Sarcopenia is associated with significant liver fibrosis independently of obesity and insulin resistance in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Nationwide surveys (KNHANES 2008‐2011)

Yong‐ho Lee, Seung Up Kim, Kijun Song, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Byung‐Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong‐Soo Cha, Kwang‐Hyub Han – 5 December 2015 – Sarcopenia is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study investigated whether sarcopenia is associated with significant liver fibrosis in subjects with NAFLD. Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2008‐2011 database were analyzed. NALFD was defined by NAFLD liver fat score, comprehensive NAFLD score, or hepatic steatosis index.

Portal inflammation is independently associated with fibrosis and metabolic syndrome in pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Jake P. Mann, Rita De Vito, Antonella Mosca, Anna Alisi, Matthew J. Armstrong, Massimiliano Raponi, Ulrich Baumann, Valerio Nobili – 5 December 2015 – Pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) histology demonstrates variable amounts of portal inflammation, which may be associated with more severe liver disease and fibrosis. We assessed the relationship between portal inflammation, hepatic fibrosis, and the metabolic syndrome in pediatric NAFLD. Children with biopsy‐proven NAFLD were eligible for inclusion.

Persistence of seropositivity among persons vaccinated for hepatitis A during infancy by maternal antibody status: 15‐year follow‐up

Philip R. Spradling, Lisa R. Bulkow, Susan E. Negus, Chriss Homan, Michael G. Bruce, Brian J. McMahon – 5 December 2015 – The effect of passively transferred maternal antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti‐HAV) on the duration of seropositivity after hepatitis A vaccination during infancy and early childhood is unclear.

Cholestasis‐induced adaptive remodeling of interlobular bile ducts

Nachiket Vartak, Amruta Damle‐Vartak, Beate Richter, Olaf Dirsch, Uta Dahmen, Seddik Hammad, Jan G. Hengstler – 26 November 2015 – Cholestasis is a common complication in liver diseases that triggers a proliferative response of the biliary tree. Bile duct ligation (BDL) is a frequently used model of cholestasis in rodents. To determine which changes occur in the three‐dimensional (3D) architecture of the interlobular bile duct during cholestasis, we used 3D confocal imaging, surface reconstructions, and automated image quantification covering a period up to 28 days after BDL.

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