Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients listed for liver transplantation: Current and future allocation policy and management strategies for the individual patient

Joel P. Wedd, Eric Nordstrom, Trevor Nydam, Janette Durham, Michael Zimmerman, Thor Johnson, W. Thomas Purcell, Scott W. Biggins – 12 October 2015 – Liver transplantation can provide definitive cure for patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) when used appropriately. Advances in the management of HCC have allowed improved control of HCC while waiting for liver transplantation and new approaches to candidate selection particularly with regard to tumor burden and downstaging protocols.

Indoleamine‐2,3‐dioxygenase as an effector and an indicator of protective immune responses in patients with acute hepatitis B

Sachiyo Yoshio, Masaya Sugiyama, Hirotaka Shoji, Yohei Mano, Eiji Mita, Toru Okamoto, Yoshiharu Matsuura, Alato Okuno, Osamu Takikawa, Masashi Mizokami, Tatsuya Kanto – 12 October 2015 – Indoleamine‐2, 3‐dioxygenase (IDO), an interferon‐γ‐inducible enzyme catalyzing tryptophan into kynurenine, exerts dual functions in infectious diseases, acting as a suppressor of intracellular pathogens and as an immune regulator. We explored the roles of IDO in hepatitis B virus (HBV) clearance from infected patients.

Role of TM6SF2 rs58542926 in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic pediatric fatty liver disease: A multiethnic study

Martina Goffredo, Sonia Caprio, Ariel E. Feldstein, Ebe D'Adamo, Melissa M. Shaw, Bridget Pierpont, Mary Savoye, Hongyu Zhao, Allen E. Bale, Nicola Santoro – 12 October 2015 – We assessed the association between the single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs58542926 in the transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) gene and fatty liver disease in obese youth. We genotyped the TM6SF2 rs58542926 SNP in a multiethnic cohort of 957 obese children and adolescents (42% Caucasians, 28% African Americans, 30% Hispanics).

Hepatocyte homeostasis for chromosome ploidization and liver function is regulated by Ssu72 protein phosphatase

Se‐Hyuk Kim, Yoon Jeon, Hyun‐Soo Kim, Jin‐Kwan Lee, Han Jeong Lim, Donglim Kang, Hyeseong Cho, Cheol‐Keun Park, Ho Lee, Chang‐Woo Lee – 12 October 2015 – Hepatocyte chromosome polyploidization is an important feature of liver development and seems to be required for response to liver stress and injury signals. However, the question of how polyploidization can be tightly regulated in liver growth remains to be answered. Using a conditional knockout mouse model, liver‐specific depletion of Ssu72 protein phosphatase was found to result in impairment in regulation of polyploidization.

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