Telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutation is an early somatic genetic alteration in the transformation of premalignant nodules in hepatocellular carcinoma on cirrhosis

Jean Charles Nault, Julien Calderaro, Luca Di Tommaso, Charles Balabaud, Elie Serge Zafrani, Paulette Bioulac‐Sage, Massimo Roncalli, Jessica Zucman‐Rossi – 14 August 2014

Clinical evidence and bioinformatics characterization of potential hepatitis C virus resistance pathways for sofosbuvir

Eric F. Donaldson, Patrick R. Harrington, Julian J. O'Rear, Lisa K. Naeger – 14 August 2014 – Sofosbuvir (Sovaldi, SOF) is a nucleotide analog prodrug that targets the hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B) polymerase and inhibits viral replication. High sustained virological response rates are achieved when SOF is used in combination with ribavirin with or without pegylated interferon in subjects with chronic HCV infection. Potential mechanisms of HCV resistance to SOF and other nucleos(t)ide analog NS5B polymerase inhibitors are not well understood.

Fibrosis stage is the strongest predictor for disease‐specific mortality in NAFLD after up to 33 years of follow‐up

Mattias Ekstedt, Hannes Hagström, Patrik Nasr, Mats Fredrikson, Per Stål, Stergios Kechagias, Rolf Hultcrantz – 14 August 2014 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in the Western world, strongly associated with insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, i.e., fatty liver accompanied by necroinflammatory changes, is mostly defined by the NAFLD activity score (NAS).

Transcriptional activation of Fsp27 by the liver‐enriched transcription factor CREBH promotes lipid droplet growth and hepatic steatosis

Xu Xu, Jong‐Gil Park, Jae‐Seon So, Ann‐Hwee Lee – 14 August 2014 – Fat‐specific protein 27 (Fsp27) is a lipid droplet‐associated protein that promotes lipid droplet (LD) growth and triglyceride (TG) storage in white adipocytes. Fsp27 is also highly expressed in the steatotic liver and contributes to TG accumulation. In this study we discovered that the liver produces Fsp27β, an alternative Fsp27 isoform, which contains 10 additional amino acids at the N‐terminus of the original Fsp27 (Fsp27α).

Fattyaciddesaturase 1 gene polymorphisms control human hepatic lipid composition

Libo Wang, Shaminie Athinarayanan, Guanglong Jiang, Naga Chalasani, Min Zhang, Wanqing Liu – 14 August 2014 – Fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes and their variants have been associated with multiple metabolic phenotypes, including liver enzymes and hepatic fat accumulation, but the detailed mechanism remains unclear. We aimed to delineate the role of FADSs in modulating lipid composition in human liver. We performed a targeted lipidomic analysis of a variety of phospholipids, sphingolipids, and ceramides among 154 human liver tissue samples.

Late diagnosis of hepatitis C virus infection in the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study (CHeCS): Missed opportunities for intervention

Anne C. Moorman, Jian Xing, Stephen Ko, Loralee B. Rupp, Fujie Xu, Stuart C. Gordon, Mei Lu, Philip R. Spradling, Eyasu H. Teshale, Joseph A. Boscarino, Vinutha Vijayadeva, Mark A. Schmidt, Scott D. Holmberg, for the CHeCS Investigators – 13 August 2014 – To determine the stage of liver disease at initial diagnosis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, we analyzed data from the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study (CHeCS), a large U.S. observational study.

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