Excess mortality in patients with advanced chronic hepatitis C treated with long‐term peginterferon

Adrian M. Di Bisceglie, Anne M. Stoddard, Jules L. Dienstag, Mitchell L. Shiffman, Leonard B. Seeff, Herbert L. Bonkovsky, Chihiro Morishima, Elizabeth C. Wright, Kristin K. Snow, William M. Lee, Robert J. Fontana, Timothy R. Morgan, Marc G. Ghany, for the HALT‐C Trial Group – 11 January 2011 – Chronic hepatitis C virus infection can cause chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and liver cancer.

Regulation of hepatic fat and glucose oxidation in rats with lipid‐induced hepatic insulin resistance

Tiago C. Alves, Douglas E. Befroy, Richard G. Kibbey, Mario Kahn, Roberto Codella, Rui A. Carvalho, Kitt Falk Petersen, Gerald I. Shulman – 11 January 2011 – Pyruvate dehydrogenase plays a critical role in the regulation of hepatic glucose and fatty acid oxidation; however, surprisingly little is known about its regulation in vivo. In this study we examined the individual effects of insulin and substrate availability on the regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase flux (VPDH) to tricarboxylic acid flux (VTCA) in livers of awake rats with lipid‐induced hepatic insulin resistance.

In vivo evaluation of the cross‐genotype neutralizing activity of polyclonal antibodies against hepatitis C virus

Philip Meuleman, Jens Bukh, Lieven Verhoye, Ali Farhoudi, Thomas Vanwolleghem, Richard Y. Wang, Isabelle Desombere, Harvey Alter, Robert H. Purcell, Geert Leroux‐Roels – 11 January 2011 – Control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a huge challenge of global medical importance. Using a variety of in vitro approaches, neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) have been identified in patients with acute and chronic hepatitis C. The exact role these nAbs play in the resolution of acute HCV infection still remains elusive.

Development of molecularly targeted therapies in biliary tract cancers: Reassessing the challenges and opportunities

Andrew X. Zhu, Aram F. Hezel – 11 January 2011 – Biliary tract cancers (BTCs), which encompass intra‐ and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas as well as gallbladder carcinomas, are a genetically diverse collection of cancers. Most patients with BTC will present with unresectable or metastatic disease. Although the standard systemic chemotherapy approaches are emerging, the prognosis remains poor. Development of molecularly targeted therapies in advanced BTC remains challenging.

Genotype differences in susceptibility and resistance development of hepatitis C virus to protease inhibitors telaprevir (VX‐950) and danoprevir (ITMN‐191)

Ingrid Imhof, Peter Simmonds – 11 January 2011 – Protease inhibitors (PIs) have proven to be effective adjuncts to interferon/ribavirin treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. Little clinical or in vitro data exists, however, on their effectiveness for nontype 1 genotypes that predominate in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and most of Asia. NS3 protease and NS4A genes from genotypes 1‐6 were inserted into the JFH clone to generate replication‐competent intergenotype chimeras. Susceptibility to PIs was determined by replication and infectivity assays.

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