Lutz Fischer, Pavel Trunečka, Bruno Gridelli, Andre Roy, Alessandro Vitale, Andrés Valdivieso, Evaristo Varo, Daniel Seehofer, Stephen Lynch, Didier Samuel, Bo‐Goran Ericzon, Karim Boudjema, Carmen Karpf, Nasrullah Undre – 21 October 2010 – Tacrolimus, a cornerstone immunosuppressant, is available as a twice‐daily formulation (tacrolimus bid). A once‐daily prolonged‐release formulation (tacrolimus qd) has been developed.

Hongwei He, Albert Mennone, James L. Boyer, Shi‐Ying Cai – 21 October 2010 – Cholestasis leads to liver cell death, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and eventually liver failure. Despite limited benefits, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is the only Food and Drug Administration–approved treatment for cholestatic disorders. Retinoic acid (RA) is a ligand for nuclear receptors that modulate bile salt homeostasis. RA also possesses immunomodulatory effects and is used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia and inflammatory disorders such as psoriasis, acne, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Frank de Vocht – 21 October 2010

Miguel Bispo, Paulo Marcelino, Hugo Pinto Marques, Américo Martins, Rui Perdigoto, Maria João Aguiar, Luís Mourão, Eduardo Barroso – 21 October 2010 – This study sought to evaluate the potential impact of domino liver transplantation (DLT) on initial graft function and early postoperative outcome in patients with cirrhosis in a Portuguese liver transplantation center.

Pinelopi Manousou, Amar P. Dhillon, Graziela Isgro, Vincenza Calvaruso, T.V. Luong, Emmanuel Tsochatzis, E. Xirouchakis, G. Kalambokis, Timothy J. Cross, N. Rolando, James O'Beirne, David Patch, D. Thornburn, Andrew K. Burroughs – 21 October 2010 – Clinical outcomes of recurrent hepatitis C virus after liver transplantation are difficult to predict. We evaluated collagen proportionate area (CPA), a quantitative histological index, at 1 year with respect to the first episode of clinical decompensation.

Stefan Stender, Ruth Frikke‐Schmidt, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Anne Tybjærg‐Hansen – 20 October 2010 – Gallstone disease, a risk factor for biliary cancer, has a strong heritable component, but the underlying genes are largely unknown.

Xiuchan Guo, Yong Zhang, Ji Li, Jingchen Ma, Zuli Wei, Wenjie Tan, Stephen J. O'Brien – 20 October 2010 – Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health issue, especially in Asia. A recent genome‐wide association study (GWAS) implicated genetic variants in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐DP locus associated with chronic hepatitis B in Japanese and Thai populations.

Dong Il Gwon, Kyu‐Bo Sung, Gi‐Young Ko, Hyun‐Ki Yoon, Sung‐Gyu Lee – 19 October 2010 – The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of percutaneous transhepatic management of anastomotic biliary strictures using the dual catheter placement technique (2 drainage catheters inserted via single percutaneous tract). The protocol of this retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board of our institution and written informed consent was waived.

Yuichi Chihara, Hiroto Egawa, Tomomasa Tsuboi, Toru Oga, Tomohiro Handa, Kazuhiko Yamamoto, Michiaki Mishima, Koichi Tanaka, Shinji Uemoto, Kazuo Chin – 19 October 2010 – Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is defined as hypoxemia induced by intrapulmonary vascular dilations associated with liver disease. Although liver transplantation (LT) is the only effective therapy established for severe HPS, patients with a partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) less than 60 mm Hg have a poor prognosis. We treated a 4‐year‐old boy with HPS whose preoperative PaO2 level was 48.8 mm Hg.

Ricky H. Bhogal, Rupesh Sutaria, Simon C. Afford – 19 October 2010