Julia Kozlitina, Eric Boerwinkle, Jonathan C. Cohen, Helen H. Hobbs – 12 November 2010 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an escalating health problem that is frequently associated with obesity and insulin resistance. The mechanistic relationship between NAFLD, obesity, and insulin resistance is not well understood.
Shahzma Merani, Danijela Petrovic, Ian James, Abha Chopra, Don Cooper, Elizabeth Freitas, Andri Rauch, Julia di Iulio, Mina John, Michaela Lucas, Karen Fitzmaurice, Susan McKiernan, Suzanne Norris, Dermot Kelleher, Paul Klenerman, Silvana Gaudieri – 12 November 2010 – The host's immune response to hepatitis C virus (HCV) can result in the selection of characteristic mutations (adaptations) that enable the virus to escape this response.
Alexander J. Thompson, Rosanna Santoro, Valeria Piazzolla, Paul J. Clark, Susanna Naggie, Hans L. Tillmann, Keyur Patel, Andrew J. Muir, Kevin V. Shianna, Leonardo Mottola, Daniela Petruzzellis, Mario Romano, Fernando Sogari, Domenico Facciorusso, David B. Goldstein, John G. McHutchison, Alessandra Mangia – 12 November 2010 – Two functional variants in the inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) gene causing inosine triphosphatase (ITPase) deficiency protect against ribavirin (RBV)‐induced hemolytic anemia and the need for RBV dose reduction in patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus (HCV).
Michael R. Charlton, Alexander Thompson, Bart J. Veldt, Kym Watt, Hans Tillmann, John J. Poterucha, Julie K. Heimbach, David Goldstein, John McHutchison – 12 November 2010 – Polymorphism in the interleukin‐28B (IL28B) gene region, encoding interferon (IFN)‐λ3, is strongly predictive of response to antiviral treatment in the nontransplant setting. We sought to determine the prevalence and impact on clinical outcomes of donor and recipient IL28B genotypes among liver transplant recipients.
Shubham Shrivastava, Amit Raychoudhuri, Robert Steele, Ranjit Ray, Ratna B. Ray – 12 November 2010 – The role of autophagy in disease pathogenesis following viral infection is beginning to be elucidated. We have previously reported that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in hepatocytes induces autophagy. However, the biological significance of HCV‐induced autophagy has not been clarified. Autophagy has recently been identified as a novel component of the innate immune system against viral infection.
Pedro M. Baptista, Mohummad M. Siddiqui, Genevieve Lozier, Sergio R. Rodriguez, Anthony Atala, Shay Soker – 12 November 2010 – A major roadblock to successful organ bioengineering is the need for a functional vascular network within the engineered tissue. Here, we describe the fabrication of three‐dimensional, naturally derived scaffolds with an intact vascular tree. Livers from different species were perfused with detergent to selectively remove the cellular components of the tissue while preserving the extracellular matrix components and the intact vascular network.
B. Nelson Chau, David A. Brenner – 12 November 2010
Jennifer M. Loftis, Benjamin J. Morasco, Peter Hauser – 4 November 2010
Aleksander Krag, Søren Møller, Flemming Bendtsen – 4 November 2010
Niraj Khandelwal, Laura P. James, Corron Sanders, Anne M. Larson, William M. Lee, and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group – 4 November 2010 – Despite extensive investigations, the cause of liver injury in 14% of patients with acute liver failure remains unknown (indeterminate). In a pilot study using a novel assay, highly specific acetaminophen‐cysteine adducts were detected in 7 of 36 indeterminate patients (19%).