Monica Franciosi, Lucio Caccamo, Paolo De Simone, Antonio Daniele Pinna, Giovanni Giuseppe Di Costanzo, Riccardo Volpes, Vincenzo Scuderi, Paolo Strignano, Patrizia Boccagni, Patrizia Burra, Antonio Nicolucci, for the TWINS I Study Group – 5 December 2011 – To date, there is still a lack of instruments for specifically assessing the impact of anti–hepatitis B virus prophylaxis after liver transplantation (LT) on health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) and treatment satisfaction.

C. Burcin Taner, Darrin L. Willingham, Ilynn G. Bulatao, Timothy S. Shine, Prith Peiris, Klaus D. Torp, Juan Canabal, Justin H. Nguyen, David J. Kramer – 5 December 2011 – The continuation of hemodynamic, respiratory, and metabolic support for a variable period after liver transplantation (LT) in the intensive care unit (ICU) is considered routine by many transplant programs. However, some LT recipients may be liberated from mechanical ventilation shortly after the discontinuation of anesthesia.

Jacqueline C. Jones, Jeff S. Coombes, Graeme A. Macdonald – 5 December 2011 – Exercise capacity and muscle strength are predictors of outcome in a number of clinical populations. Advanced liver disease is a catabolic state, and patients often have muscle wasting. However, the relationships between exercise capacity, strength, and outcomes for patients undergoing liver transplantation are poorly understood.

Mazen Albeldawi, Ashish Aggarwal, Surabhi Madhwal, Jacek Cywinski, Rocio Lopez, Bijan Eghtesad, Nizar N. Zein – 5 December 2011 – As survival after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) improves, cardiovascular (CV) disease has emerged as the leading cause of non–graft‐related deaths. The aims of our study were to determine the cumulative risk of CV events after OLT and to analyze predictive risk factors for those experiencing a CV event after OLT. We identified all adult patients who underwent OLT at our institution for end‐stage liver disease between October 1996 and July 2008.

Ashley N. Bedel, Trina S. Hemmelgarn, Rohit Kohli – 5 December 2011 – Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common viral infection after solid organ transplantation (SOT). Safe and effective prophylactic regimens that decrease its incidence after SOT are essential for long‐term graft survival. Although valganciclovir is not Food and Drug Administration–approved for CMV prophylaxis in liver transplant recipients, postmarketing studies have shown valganciclovir to be as effective as ganciclovir in high‐risk adult patients undergoing SOT.

Shin Hwang, Tae‐Yong Ha, Chul‐Soo Ahn, Deok‐Bog Moon, Ki‐Hun Kim, Gi‐Won Song, Dong‐Hwan Jung, Gil‐Chun Park, Jung‐Man Namgoong, Sung‐Won Jung, Sam‐Youl Yoon, Kyu‐Bo Sung, Gi‐Young Ko, Byungchul Cho, Kyoung Won Kim, Sung‐Gyu Lee – 5 December 2011 – Because revascularization of the inferior right hepatic vein (IRHV) is a major component of right liver graft (RLG) reconstruction, we assessed the surgical techniques and clinical outcomes of IRHV reconstruction so that we could formulate practical guidelines for standardized procedures.

Lisa J. McGarry, Vivek S. Pawar, Hemangi R. Panchmatia, Jaime L. Rubin, Gary L. Davis, Zobair M. Younossi, James C. Capretta, Michael J. O'Grady, Milton C. Weinstein – 2 December 2011 – Recent research has identified high hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence among older U.S. residents who contracted HCV decades ago and may no longer be recognized as high risk. We assessed the cost‐effectiveness of screening 100% of U.S.

Lyna Zhang, Ajay Yesupriya, Dale J. Hu, Man‐huei Chang, Nicole F. Dowling, Renée M. Ned, Venkatachalam Udhayakumar, Mary Lou Lindegren, Yury Khudyakov – 2 December 2011 – Hepatitis A vaccination has dramatically reduced the incidence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, but new infections continue to occur.

Rakesh Aggarwal, Shahid Jameel – 2 December 2011 – Hepatitis E refers to liver disease caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV), a small, nonenveloped virus with a single‐stranded RNA genome. The virus has four genotypes, but only one serotype. Genotypes 1 and 2 exclusively infect humans, whereas genotypes 3 and 4 also infect pigs and several other mammalian species. Though HEV does not grow well in cell culture, several aspects of its biology and pathogenesis have been worked out using animal models and cell transfection studies, and by analogy with other related viruses.

Ainara Cano, Xabier Buqué, Maite Martínez‐Uña, Igor Aurrekoetxea, Ariane Menor, Juan L. García‐Rodríguez, Shelly C. Lu, M. Luz Martínez‐Chantar, José M. Mato, Begoña Ochoa, Patricia Aspichueta – 2 December 2011 – Very low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion provides a mechanism to export triglycerides (TG) from the liver to peripheral tissues, maintaining lipid homeostasis. In nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), VLDL secretion disturbances are unclear.