Genetic variations at loci involved in the immune response are risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma

Robert J. Clifford, Jinghui Zhang, Daoud M. Meerzaman, Myung‐Soo Lyu, Ying Hu, Constance M. Cultraro, Richard P. Finney, Jenny M. Kelley, Sol Efroni, Sharon I. Greenblum, Cu V. Nguyen, William L. Rowe, Sweta Sharma, Gang Wu, Chunhua Yan, Hongen Zhang, Young‐Hwa Chung, Jeong A. Kim, Neung Hwa Park, Il Han Song, Kenneth H. Buetow – 31 August 2010 – Primary liver cancer is the third most common cause of cancer‐related death worldwide, with a rising incidence in Western countries. Little is known about the genetic etiology of this disease.

Motor‐evoked potentials in awake rats are a valid method of assessing hepatic encephalopathy and of studying its pathogenesis

Marc Oria, Nicolas Chatauret, Laia Chavarria, Jordi Romero‐Giménez, Lluis Palenzuela, Benjamin Pardo‐Yules, José Antonio Arranz, Guillermo Bodega, Núria Raguer, Juan Córdoba – 31 August 2010 – Experimental models of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) are limited by difficulties in objectively monitoring neuronal function. There are few models that examine a well‐defined neuronal pathway and lack the confounding effects of anesthetics. Motor‐evoked potentials (MEPs) assess the function of the motor tract, which has been shown to be impaired in patients with cirrhosis.

Drug‐induced acute liver failure: Results of a U.S. multicenter, prospective study

Adrian Reuben, David G. Koch, William M. Lee – 31 August 2010 – Acute liver failure (ALF) due to drug‐induced liver injury (DILI), though uncommon, is a concern for both clinicians and patients. The Acute Liver Failure Study Group has prospectively collected cases of all forms of acute liver failure since 1998. We describe here cases of idiosyncratic DILI ALF enrolled during a 10.5‐year period. Data were collected prospectively, using detailed case report forms, from 1198 subjects enrolled at 23 sites in the United States, all of which had transplant services.

Racial and ethnic disparities in access to liver transplantation

Amit K. Mathur, Douglas E. Schaubel, Qi Gong, Mary K. Guidinger, Robert M. Merion – 30 August 2010 – Access to liver transplantation is reportedly inequitable for racial/ethnic minorities, but inadequate adjustments for geography and disease progression preclude any meaningful conclusions. We aimed to evaluate the association between candidate race/ethnicity and liver transplant rates after thorough adjustments for these factors and to determine how uniform racial/ethnic disparities were across Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores.

Liver ischemia/reperfusion injury: Processes in inflammatory networks—A review

Mahmoud Abu‐Amara, Shi Yu Yang, Niteen Tapuria, Barry Fuller, Brian Davidson, Alexander Seifalian – 30 August 2010 – Liver ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is typified by an inflammatory response. Understanding the cellular and molecular events underpinning this inflammation is fundamental to developing therapeutic strategies. Great strides have been made in this respect recently. Liver IR involves a complex web of interactions between the various cellular and humoral contributors to the inflammatory response.

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