Krzysztof P. Rembacz, Jannes Woudenberg, Mark Hoekstra, Elles Z. Jonkers, Fiona A.J. van den Heuvel, Manon Buist‐Homan, Titia E. Woudenberg‐Vrenken, Jana Rohacova, M. Luisa Marin, Miguel A. Miranda, Han Moshage, Frans Stellaard, Klaas Nico Faber – 1 September 2010 – Bile acid‐CoA:amino acid N‐acyltransferase (BAAT) conjugates bile salts to glycine or taurine, which is the final step in bile salt biosynthesis. In addition, BAAT is required for reconjugation of bile salts in the enterohepatic circulation.

Raghavan Chinnadurai, Arash Grakoui – 1 September 2010 – Liver fibrosis is mediated by the transformation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) from a quiescent to an activated state. To understand the role of HSC in liver immunity, we investigated the effect of this transition on T cell stimulation in vitro. Unlike quiescent HSC, activated HSC did not induce proliferation of antigen‐specific T cells. Phenotypic analysis of quiescent and activated HSC revealed that activated HSC expressed the coinhibitory molecule B7‐H4.

Yun‐Fan Liaw, I‐Shyan Sheen, Chuan‐Mo Lee, Ulus Salih Akarca, George V. Papatheodoridis, Florence Suet‐Hing Wong, Ting‐Tsung Chang, Andrzej Horban, Chia Wang, Peter Kwan, Maria Buti, Martin Prieto, Thomas Berg, Kathryn Kitrinos, Ken Peschell, Elsa Mondou, David Frederick, Franck Rousseau, Eugene R. Schiff – 1 September 2010 – Data are limited on the safety and effectiveness of oral antivirals other than lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil for treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in patients with decompensated liver disease.

Michael P. Manns, Albert J. Czaja, James D. Gorham, Edward L. Krawitt, Giorgina Mieli‐Vergani, Diego Vergani, John M. Vierling – 1 September 2010

Hong‐Fang Ji, Liang Shen – 1 September 2010

Hartmut Jaeschke, C. David Williams, Anwar Farhood – 31 August 2010

Ricky H. Bhogal, Simon C. Afford – 31 August 2010

Adrian Reuben, David G. Koch, William M. Lee – 31 August 2010 – Acute liver failure (ALF) due to drug‐induced liver injury (DILI), though uncommon, is a concern for both clinicians and patients. The Acute Liver Failure Study Group has prospectively collected cases of all forms of acute liver failure since 1998. We describe here cases of idiosyncratic DILI ALF enrolled during a 10.5‐year period. Data were collected prospectively, using detailed case report forms, from 1198 subjects enrolled at 23 sites in the United States, all of which had transplant services.

Mansour A. Parsi – 31 August 2010

Marc Oria, Nicolas Chatauret, Laia Chavarria, Jordi Romero‐Giménez, Lluis Palenzuela, Benjamin Pardo‐Yules, José Antonio Arranz, Guillermo Bodega, Núria Raguer, Juan Córdoba – 31 August 2010 – Experimental models of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) are limited by difficulties in objectively monitoring neuronal function. There are few models that examine a well‐defined neuronal pathway and lack the confounding effects of anesthetics. Motor‐evoked potentials (MEPs) assess the function of the motor tract, which has been shown to be impaired in patients with cirrhosis.