Joanna D. Stewart, Rita Horvath, Enrico Baruffini, Iliana Ferrero, Stefanie Bulst, Paul B. Watkins, Robert J. Fontana, Christopher P. Day, Patrick F. Chinnery – 29 October 2010 – Sodium valproate (VPA) is widely used throughout the world to treat epilepsy, migraine, chronic headache, bipolar disorder, and as adjuvant chemotherapy. VPA toxicity is an uncommon but potentially fatal cause of idiosyncratic liver injury. Rare mutations in POLG, which codes for the mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ (polγ), cause Alpers‐Huttenlocher syndrome (AHS).

Jayant A. Talwalkar – 29 October 2010

Fumitaka Suzuki, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Norio Akuta, Hitomi Sezaki, Miharu Hirakawa, Yusuke Kawamura, Tetsuya Hosaka, Masahiro Kobayashi, Satoshi Saito, Yasuji Arase, Kenji Ikeda, Mariko Kobayashi, Kazuaki Chayama, Naoyuki Kamatani, Yusuke Nakamura, Yuzo Miyakawa, Hiromitsu Kumada – 29 October 2010 – Polymorphisms of the inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) gene influence anemia during pegylated interferon (PEG‐IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) therapy, but their effects during triple therapy with PEG‐IFN, RBV, and telaprevir are not known.

Ji Hoon Yu, Bing‐Mei Zhu, Mark Wickre, Gregory Riedlinger, Weiping Chen, Atsushi Hosui, Gertraud W. Robinson, Lothar Hennighausen – 29 October 2010 – Although the cytokine‐inducible transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) promotes proliferation of a wide range of cell types, there are cell‐specific and context‐specific cases in which loss of STAT5 results in enhanced cell proliferation.

Karlin Raja Karlmark, Henning W. Zimmermann, Christoph Roderburg, Nikolaus Gassler, Hermann E. Wasmuth, Tom Luedde, Christian Trautwein, Frank Tacke – 29 October 2010 – Chemokines modulate inflammatory responses that are prerequisites for organ fibrosis upon liver injury. Monocyte‐derived hepatic macrophages are critical for the development, maintenance, and resolution of hepatic fibrosis.

Alain Braillon – 29 October 2010

Ndiémé Ndongo, Pascale Berthillon, Pierre Pradat, Claude Vieux, Isabelle Bordes, Françoise Berby, Marianne Maynard, Fabien Zoulim, Christian Trépo, Marie‐Anne Petit – 29 October 2010 – The monoclonal antibody (mAb) D32.10 recognizes a discontinuous epitope encompassing three regions E1 (amino acids 297‐306), E2A (amino acids 480‐494), and E2B (amino acids 613‐621) juxtaposed on the surface of serum‐derived hepatitis C virus (HCV) particles (HCVsp). The mAb D32.10 inhibits efficiently and specifically the binding of HCVsp to human hepatocytes.

Erwin Daniel Brenndörfer, Malin Weiland, Lars Frelin, Emma Derk, Gustaf Ahlén, Jian Jiao, Johannes Georg Bode, Matti Sällberg – 29 October 2010 – Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) has been implicated in a variety of inflammatory diseases, and anti‐TNFα has been shown to improve therapy when added to standard of care in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. In addition, patients with chronic HCV have increased serum levels of TNFα and the macrophage‐attracting chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2).

Pradyumna Phatak, Pierre Brissot, Mark Wurster, Paul C Adams, Herbert L. Bonkovsky, John Gross, Peter Malfertheiner, Gordon D. McLaren, Claus Niederau, Alberto Piperno, Lawrie W. Powell, Mark W. Russo, Ulrich Stoelzel, Wolfgang Stremmel, Louis Griffel, Nicola Lynch, Yiyun Zhang, Antonello Pietrangelo – 29 October 2010 – Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is characterized by increased intestinal iron absorption that may result in iron overload.

Elsa Solà, Sabela Lens, Mónica Guevara, Marta Martín‐Llahí, Claudia Fagundes, Gustavo Pereira, Marco Pavesi, Javier Fernández, Juan González‐Abraldes, Angels Escorsell, Antoni Mas, Jaume Bosch, Vicente Arroyo, Pere Ginès – 29 October 2010 – Terlipressin is frequently used in acute variceal bleeding due to its powerful effect on vasopressin V1 receptors. Although terlipressin is also a partial agonist of renal vasopressin V2 receptors, its effects on serum sodium concentration have not been specifically investigated.