Improved dendritic cell‐based immunization against hepatitis C virus using peptide inhibitors of interleukin 10

Nancy Díaz‐Valdés, Lorea Manterola, Virginia Belsúe, José I. Riezu‐Boj, Esther Larrea, Itziar Echeverria, Diana Llópiz, Jacinto López‐Sagaseta, Hervé Lerat, Jean‐Michel Pawlotsky, Jesús Prieto, Juan J. Lasarte, Francisco Borrás‐Cuesta, Pablo Sarobe – 14 September 2010 – The high levels of interleukin 10 (IL‐10) present in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have been suggested as responsible for the poor antiviral cellular immune responses found in these patients.

Organic anion–transporting polypeptide 1b2 (Oatp1b2) is important for the hepatic uptake of unconjugated bile acids: Studies in Oatp1b2‐null mice

Iván L. Csanaky, Hong Lu, Youcai Zhang, Kenichiro Ogura, Supratim Choudhuri, Curtis D. Klaassen – 14 September 2010 – The organic anion–transporting polypeptide 1b family (Oatp1b2 in rodents and OATP1B1/1B3 in humans) is liver‐specific and transports various chemicals into the liver. However, the role of the Oatp1b family in the hepatic uptake of bile acids (BAs) into the liver is unknown. Therefore, in Oatp1b2‐null mice, the concentrations of BAs in plasma, liver, and bile were compared with wild‐type (WT) mice.

Ribavirin potentiates interferon action by augmenting interferon‐stimulated gene induction in hepatitis C virus cell culture models

Emmanuel Thomas, Jordan J. Feld, Qisheng Li, Zongyi Hu, Michael W. Fried, T. Jake Liang – 14 September 2010 – The combination of pegylated interferon (PEG‐IFN) and ribavirin is the standard treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Our recent clinical study suggests that ribavirin augments the induction of interferon‐stimulated genes (ISGs) in patients treated for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. In order to further characterize the mechanisms of action of ribavirin, we examined the effect of ribavirin treatment on ISG induction in cell culture.

Ablation of the tumor suppressor histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1 is protective against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury

Juliette Martin, Pamela Romanque, Olivier Maurhofer, Karin Schmitter, Caroline Hora, Gisèle Ferrand, Jean‐François Dufour – 10 September 2010 – The identification of cellular pathways capable of limiting ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains a frontier in medicine, and its clinical relevance is urgent. Histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1 (HINT1) is a tumor suppressor that influences apoptosis. Because apoptotic pathways are a feature of I/R injury, we asked whether Hint1 influences hepatic I/R injury.

Role of interleukin‐28B polymorphisms in the treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 2 infection in Asian patients

Ming‐Lung Yu, Chung‐Feng Huang, Jee‐Fu Huang, Ning‐Chia Chang, Jeng‐Fu Yang, Zu‐Yau Lin, Shinn‐Cherng Chen, Ming‐Yuh Hsieh, Liang‐Yen Wang, Wen‐Yu Chang, Yi‐Ning Li, Mei‐Shin Wu, Chia‐Yen Dai, Suh‐Hang Hank Juo, Wan‐Long Chuang – 10 September 2010 – Genome‐wide association studies have linked single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the interleukin‐28B gene to the hepatitis C virus genotype 1 (HCV‐1) response to peginterferon/ribavirin treatment. We aimed to explore the impact on the treatment outcomes of Asian HCV‐2 patients.

Hypercytolytic activity of hepatic natural killer cells correlates with liver injury in chronic hepatitis B patients

Zheng Zhang, Shuye Zhang, Zhengsheng Zou, Jianfei Shi, Juanjuan Zhao, Rong Fan, Enqiang Qin, Baosen Li, Zhiwei Li, Xiangsheng Xu, Junliang Fu, Jiyuan Zhang, Bin Gao, Zhigang Tian, Fu‐Sheng Wang – 10 September 2010 – Natural killer (NK) cells are abundant in the liver and serve as a major innate immune component against microbial infection. Although NK cells have been implicated in inducing hepatocellular damage in patients with chronic hepatitis virus infections, the roles that hepatic NK cells play in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections remain obscure.

Utility of uncalibrated femoral stroke volume variation as a predictor of fluid responsiveness during the anhepatic phase of liver transplantation

Young Hee Shin, Justin Sangwook Ko, Mi Sook Gwak, Gaab Soo Kim, Jong Hwan Lee, Suk‐Koo Lee – 9 September 2010 – We evaluated the value of the stroke volume variation (SVV) calculated with the Vigileo monitor, which recently has been increasingly advocated for fluid management, as a predictor of fluid responsiveness during the anhepatic phase of liver transplantation (LT). We also compared SVV to the central venous pressure (CVP) and pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure (PAOP) in patients. Thirty‐three adult recipients scheduled for elective living donor LT were enrolled in this study.

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