Kausik Das, Kshaunish Das, Partha S. Mukherjee, Alip Ghosh, Sumantra Ghosh, Asit R. Mridha, Tapan Dhibar, Bhaskar Bhattacharya, Dilip Bhattacharya, Byomkesh Manna, Gopal K. Dhali, Amal Santra, Abhijit Chowdhury – 22 April 2010 – There is a paucity of community‐based epidemiological data on nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) among nonaffluent populations in developing countries. Available studies are radiological and/or biochemical and lack histological assessment, limiting their strength.

Brad Q. Starley, Christopher J. Calcagno, Stephen A. Harrison – 22 April 2010 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and deadly malignancy that is increasing in incidence in developed countries. The emergence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) accounts for about half of this increase in HCC, although the etiology of HCC in 15%‐50% of new HCC cases remains unclear. The most common form of chronic liver disease in developed countries is nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which encompasses a broad spectrum of histopathology.

Yusuf Yilmaz, Engin Ulukaya – 22 April 2010

Jannes Woudenberg, Krzysztof P. Rembacz, Fiona A. J. van den Heuvel, Titia E. Woudenberg‐Vrenken, Manon Buist‐Homan, Mariska Geuken, Mark Hoekstra, Leo E. Deelman, Carlos Enrich, Rob H. Henning, Han Moshage, Klaas Nico Faber – 22 April 2010 – Caveolae are a subtype of cholesterol‐enriched lipid microdomains/rafts that are routinely detected as vesicles pinching off from the plasma membrane. Caveolin‐1 is an essential component of caveolae. Hepatic caveolin‐1 plays an important role in liver regeneration and lipid metabolism.

Jin‐Kyu Park, Mi‐Ran Ki, Hye‐Rim Lee, Il‐Hwa Hong, Ae‐Ri Ji, Akihito Ishigami, Se‐Il Park, Ji‐Min Kim, Hae‐Young Chung, Sung‐Eun Yoo, Kyu‐Shik Jeong – 22 April 2010 – Senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30), an important aging marker molecule that is highly expressed in the liver, has been known to protect hepatocytes from apoptosis by the synthesis of vitamin C. To explore the function of SMP30 in liver fibrosis, the effect of SMP30 deficiency on liver fibrosis was investigated in SMP30 knockout (KO) mice.

Shinya Ueki, Rajeev Dhupar, Jon Cardinal, Allan Tsung, Junichi Yoshida, Kikumi S. Ozaki, John R. Klune, Noriko Murase, David A. Geller – 22 April 2010 – Interferon regulatory factor‐1 (IRF‐1) is a transcription factor that regulates gene expression during immunity. We hypothesized that IRF‐1 plays a pivotal role in liver transplant (LTx) ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Mouse orthotopic LTx was conducted after 24 hours cold storage in University of Wisconsin (UW) solution in wildtype (WT) C57BL/6 and IRF‐1 knockout (KO) mice.

Malika Ait‐Goughoulte, Arup Banerjee, Keith Meyer, Budhaditya Mazumdar, Kousuke Saito, Ratna B. Ray, Ranjit Ray – 22 April 2010 – Fibrinogen‐β (FBG‐β), an important acute‐phase protein (APP), is generated by the liver as a target for inflammatory mediators. Here we identified FBG‐β as a hepatitis C virus (HCV) core interacting protein by screening a human liver complementary DNA (cDNA) library using mammalian two‐hybrid analysis.

Jian‐Mei Li, Yu‐Cheng Li, Ling‐Dong Kong, Qing‐Hua Hu – 22 April 2010 – High consumption of dietary fructose is an important contributory factor in the development of hepatic steatosis in insulin or leptin resistance. We investigated the effects of curcumin on fructose‐induced hypertriglyceridemia and liver steatosis and explored its preventive mechanisms in rats. Curcumin reduced serum insulin and leptin levels in fructose‐fed rats.

Ramesh Kumar, Shalimar, Vikram Bhatia, Shankar Khanal, V. Sreenivas, S. Datta Gupta, Subrat K. Panda, Subrat K. Acharya – 22 April 2010 – Antituberculosis therapy (ATT)–associated acute liver failure (ATT‐ALF) is the commonest drug‐induced ALF in South Asia. Prospective studies on ATT‐ALF are lacking. The current study prospectively evaluated the magnitude, clinical course, outcome, and prognostic factors in ATT‐ALF. From January 1986 to January 2009, 1223 consecutive ALF patients were evaluated: ATT alone was the cause in 70 (5.7%) patients.

Nicole M. Walker, Katherine A. Stuart, Rebecca J. Ryan, Shireena Desai, Sammy Saab, Jennifer A. Nicol, Linda M. Fletcher, Darrell H. G. Crawford – 22 April 2010 – Additional markers are required to identify patients on the orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) waiting list at increased risk of death and adverse clinical events. Serum ferritin concentration is a marker of varied pathophysiological events and is elevated with increased liver iron concentration, hepatic necroinflammation, and systemic illness, all of which may cause a deterioration in liver function and clinical status.