New insights into the role of iron in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Paul A. Sharp – 23 July 2010
Standardization of nomenclature and causality assessment in drug‐induced liver injury: Summary of a clinical research workshop
Robert J. Fontana, Leonard B. Seeff, Raúl J. Andrade, Einar Björnsson, Christopher P. Day, Jose Serrano, Jay H. Hoofnagle – 23 July 2010 – Idiosyncratic drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) is an important but relatively infrequent cause of potentially severe acute and chronic liver injury. The aim of this clinical research workshop was to review and attempt to standardize the current nomenclature and terminology used in DILI research.
Incidence and prevalence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in a defined adult population in sweden
Björn Lindkvist, Maria Benito de Valle, Bo Gullberg, Einar Björnsson – 23 July 2010 – Population‐based studies on the epidemiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are sparse. The aim of the present study was to investigate prevalence and temporal trends in the incidence of PSC 1992‐2005 in an adult population in Västra Götaland, a region in southern Sweden with a defined population of about 1.5 million. Patients with PSC aged 18 years or above were identified through a computerized search for diagnostic codes.
Synergistic role of sprouty2 inactivation and c‐Met up‐regulation in mouse and human hepatocarcinogenesis
Susie A. Lee, Sara Ladu, Matthias Evert, Frank Dombrowski, Valentina De Murtas, Xin Chen, Diego F. Calvisi – 23 July 2010 – Sprouty2 (Spry2), a negative feedback regulator of the Ras/mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, is frequently down‐regulated in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We tested the hypothesis that loss of Spry2 cooperates with unconstrained activation of the c‐Met protooncogene to induce hepatocarcinogenesis via in vitro and in vivo approaches.
Lipid rafts are essential for peroxisome biogenesis in HepG2 cells
Jannes Woudenberg, Krzysztof P. Rembacz, Mark Hoekstra, Antonella Pellicoro, Fiona A. J. van den Heuvel, Janette Heegsma, Sven C. D. van IJzendoorn, Andreas Holzinger, Tsuneo Imanaka, Han Moshage, Klaas Nico Faber – 23 July 2010 – Peroxisomes are particularly abundant in the liver and are involved in bile salt synthesis and fatty acid metabolism.
c‐Jun mediates hepatitis C virus hepatocarcinogenesis through signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and nitric oxide–dependent impairment of oxidative DNA repair
Keigo Machida, Hidekazu Tsukamoto, Jian‐Chang Liu, Yuan‐Ping Han, Sugantha Govindarajan, Michael M. C. Lai, Shizuo Akira, Jing‐hsiung James Ou – 23 July 2010 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurs in a significant number of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. HCV causes double‐strand DNA breaks and enhances the mutation frequency of proto‐oncogenes and tumor suppressors. However, the underlying mechanisms for these oncogenic events are still elusive.
Cytosolic phospholipase A2α and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ signaling pathway counteracts transforming growth factor β–mediated inhibition of primary and transformed hepatocyte growth
Chang Han, William C. Bowen, Guiying Li, Anthony J. Demetris, George K. Michalopoulos, Tong Wu – 23 July 2010 – Hepatocellular carcinoma often develops in the setting of abnormal hepatocyte growth associated with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) is a multifunctional cytokine pivotal in the regulation of hepatic cell growth, differentiation, migration, extracellular matrix production, stem cell homeostasis, and hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the mechanisms by which TGF‐β influences hepatic cell functions remain incompletely defined.
An unusual cause of acute cholangitis
Rabin Rahmani, Elena Ivanina, Lina Yang – 23 July 2010
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Kshaunish Das, Abhijit Chowdhury – 23 July 2010
Glycosylation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 is a key regulator of fibroblast growth factor 19–mediated down‐regulation of cytochrome P450 7A1
Vassilis Triantis, Eirikur Saeland, Nora Bijl, Ronald P. Oude‐Elferink, Peter L. M. Jansen – 23 July 2010 – De novo bile acid synthesis in the liver needs to be tightly regulated in order to maintain optimal bile flow and prevent cholestasis. In the liver, fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) regulates bile acid synthesis by down‐regulating messenger RNA levels of cytochrome P450 7A1 (CYP7A1). FGF19 acts through fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), and β‐Klotho has recently been recognized as a modulator of FGFR4 activity.