David T. Palma, George M. Philips, Miguel R. Arguedas, Susan M. Harding, Michael B. Fallon – 29 February 2008 – Sleep alters respiratory mechanics and gas exchange, which can adversely affect arterial oxygenation. Whether sleep affects oxygenation in hepatopulmonary syndrome is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess oxygen desaturation during sleep in hepatopulmonary syndrome. Twenty adults with cirrhosis including 10 controls and 10 patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome underwent home pulse‐oximetry during sleep.

Cristiano Quintini, Kenzo Hirose, Koji Hashimoto, Teresa Diago, Federico Aucejo, Bijan Eghtesad, David Vogt, Gregory Pierce, Mark Baker, Dympna Kelly, Charles M. Miller – 27 February 2008 – Splenic artery embolization (SAE) improves hepatic artery (HA) flow in liver transplant (OLT) recipients with so‐called splenic artery steal syndrome. We propose that SAE actually improves HA flow by reducing the HA buffer response (HABR). Patient 1: On postoperative day (POD) 1, Doppler ultrasonography (US) showed patent vasculature with HA resistive index (RI) of 0.8.

Rubén Francés, Pedro Zapater, José M. González‐Navajas, Carlos Muñoz, Rocío Caño, Rocío Moreu, Sonia Pascual, Pablo Bellot, Miguel Pérez‐Mateo, José Such – 27 February 2008 – Bacterial infections and severity of associated inflammatory reaction influence prognosis in patients with advanced cirrhosis. We compared the innate immune response to bacterial DNA (bactDNA) translocation with that caused by viable bacteria translocation in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and the relationship between the cytokine response and serum levels of bactDNA.

Marina Bortolami, Romilda Cardin, Andromachi Kotsafti, Fabio Farinati – 27 February 2008

Tom Luedde, Christian Trautwein – 27 February 2008

Giorgio Della Rocca, Maria Gabriella Costa, Paolo Feltracco, Gianni Biancofiore, Bruno Begliomini, Stefania Taddei, Cecilia Coccia, Livia Pompei, Pierangelo Di Marco, Paolo Pietropaoli – 27 February 2008 – Cardiac preload is traditionally considered to be represented by its filling pressures, but more recently, estimations of end diastolic volume of the left or right ventricle have been shown to better reflect preload.

Kumi Hirano, Tatsuki Ichikawa, Kazuhiko Nakao, Azusa Matsumoto, Hisamitsu Miyaaki, Hidetaka Shibata, Susumu Eguchi, Mitsuhisa Takatsuki, Masanori Ikeda, Hironori Yamasaki, Nobuyuki Kato, Takashi Kanematsu, Nobuko Ishii, Katsumi Eguchi – 27 February 2008 – The premise of our study is that selective inhibition of interferon (IFN) by calcineurin inhibitors contribute to the increased severity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) posttransplantation.

Valérie Eschwège, Olivier Chazouillières, Annie Robert – 27 February 2008

Albert J. Czaja, Anthony S. Tavill – 27 February 2008

Hideyoshi Toyokawa, Atsunori Nakao, Robert J. Bailey, Michael A. Nalesnik, Takashi Kaizu, Jerome L. Lemoine, Atsushi Ikeda, Koji Tomiyama, Glenn D. Papworth, Leaf Huang, Anthony J. Demetris, Thomas E. Starzl, Noriko Murase – 27 February 2008 – The interaction of donor passenger leukocytes and host leukocytes in recipient secondary lymphoid tissues during the early posttransplantation period is crucial in directing host immune reactions toward allograft rejection or acceptance. Responsible T cell clones could be activated through the direct and indirect pathways of allorecognition.