Activation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐α inhibits the injurious effects of adiponectin in rat steatotic liver undergoing ischemia–reperfusion

Marta Massip‐Salcedo, M. Amine Zaouali, Susagna Padrissa‐Altés, Arani Casillas‐Ramirez, Joan Rodés, Joan Roselló‐Catafau, Carmen Peralta – 26 January 2008 – Hepatic steatosis is a major risk factor in ischemia–reperfusion (I/R). Adiponectin acts as an antiobesity and anti‐inflammatory hormone. Adiponectin activates peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐α (PPAR‐α), a transcription factor that regulates inflammation in liver disease.

The methionine connection: Homocysteine and hydrogen sulfide exert opposite effects on hepatic microcirculation in rats

Eleonora Distrutti, Andrea Mencarelli, Luca Santucci, Barbara Renga, Stefano Orlandi, Annibale Donini, Vijay Shah, Stefano Fiorucci – 26 January 2008 – Increased intrahepatic resistance in cirrhotic livers is caused by endothelial dysfunction and impaired formation of two gaseous vasodilators, nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Homocysteine, a sulfur‐containing amino acid and H2S precursor, is formed from hepatic methionine metabolism. In the systemic circulation, hyperhomocystenemia impairs vasodilation and NO production from endothelial cells.

Leptin's mitogenic effect in human liver cancer cells requires induction of both methionine adenosyltransferase 2A and 2β

Komal Ramani, Heping Yang, Meng Xia, Ainhoa Iglesias Ara, José M. Mato, Shelly C. Lu – 26 January 2008 – Leptin is an adiopokine that plays a pivotal role in the progression of liver fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis. Recently, leptin was shown to be mitogenic in human liver cancer cell lines HepG2 and Huh7. Whether leptin can act as a mitogen in normal hepatocytes is unclear. Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) is an essential enzyme that catalyzes the formation of S‐adenosylmethionine (SAMe), the principal methyl donor and precursor of polyamines.

Isolation and characterization of a novel oncogene, amplified in liver cancer 1, within a commonly amplified region at 1q21 in hepatocellular carcinoma

Ning‐Fang Ma, Liang Hu, Jackie M. Fung, Dan Xie, Bo‐Jian Zheng, Leilei Chen, Dong‐Jiang Tang, Li Fu, Zhenguo Wu, Muhan Chen, Yan Fang, Xin‐Yuan Guan – 26 January 2008 – Amplification of 1q21 is the most frequent genetic alteration in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), being detected in 58%‐78% of primary HCC cases by comparative genomic hybridization. Recently, we isolated a candidate oncogene, Amplified in Liver Cancer 1 (ALC1), from 1q21 by hybrid selection. Here we demonstrate that ALC1 was frequently amplified and overexpressed in HCC.

The predictive value of FIB‐4 versus FibroTest, APRI, FibroIndex and Forns index to noninvasively estimate fibrosis in hepatitis C and nonhepatitis C liver diseases

Michael Adler, Béatrice Gulbis, Christophe Moreno, Sylvie Evrard, Gontran Verset, Philippe Golstein, Brigitte Frotscher, Nathalie Nagy, Philippe Thiry – 26 January 2008

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: Amelioration of pruritus by UDCA is associated with decreased progesterone disulphates in urine

Anna Glantz, Sarah‐Jayne Reilly, Lisbet Benthin, Frank Lammert, Lars‐Åke Mattsson, Hanns‐Ulrich Marschall – 26 January 2008 – Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is characterized by pruritus, elevated bile acids, and, specifically, elevated disulphated progesterone metabolites. We aimed to study changes in these parameters during treatment with dexamethasone or ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in 40 out of 130 women included in the Swedish ICP intervention trial (26 randomized to placebo or UDCA, 14 randomized to dexamethasone).

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