Interferon regulatory factor‐3 activation, hepatic interferon‐stimulated gene expression, and immune cell infiltration in hepatitis C virus patients

Daryl T.‐Y. Lau, Penny Mar Fish, Mala Sinha, David M. Owen, Stanley M. Lemon, Michael Gale – 26 February 2008 – Interferon regulatory factor‐3 (IRF‐3) activation directs α/β interferon production and interferon‐stimulated gene (ISG) expression, which limits virus infection.

Serum aminotransferase activity and mortality risk in a United States community

Tae Hoon Lee, W. Ray Kim, Joanne T. Benson, Terry M. Therneau, L. Joseph Melton – 26 February 2008 – Serum aminotransferase [such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)] is commonly used as an indicator of liver disease. The aim of the study was to determine the degree to which aminotransferase results are associated with increased mortality at the population level.

Optical analysis of computed tomography images of the liver predicts fibrosis stage and distribution in chronic hepatitis C

Manuel Romero‐Gómez, Emilio Gómez‐González, Ana Madrazo, Marina Vera‐Valencia, Luis Rodrigo, Ramón Pérez‐Alvarez, Rosa Pérez‐López, Victor M. Castellano‐Megias, Manuel Nevado‐Santos, Juan C. Alcón, Ricard Solá, José M. Pérez‐Moreno, José M. Navarro, Raúl J. Andrade, Javier Salmerón, Manuel Fernández‐López, Rafael Aznar, Moisés Diago – 26 February 2008 – This study was undertaken to evaluate an image processing method for assessing liver fibrosis in conventional computed tomography (CT) scans in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

Cytochrome P4502E1 sensitizes to tumor necrosis factor alpha–induced liver injury through activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases in mice

Defeng Wu, Arthur Cederbaum – 26 February 2008 – The goal of this study was to evaluate the role of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) in cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) potentiation of lipopolysaccharide or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α)–induced liver injury. Treatment of C57/BL/6 mice with pyrazole (PY) plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced liver injury compared with mice treated with PY or LPS alone. The c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125 or p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 prevented this liver injury.

Inhibition of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in vivo only slightly suppresses gluconeogenesis but enhances clearance of glucose in mice

Terry G. J. Derks, Theo H. van Dijk, Aldo Grefhorst, Jan‐Peter Rake, G. Peter A. Smit, Folkert Kuipers, Dirk‐Jan Reijngoud – 26 February 2008 – Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (mFAO) is considered to be essential for driving gluconeogenesis (GNG) during fasting. However, quantitative in vivo data on de novo synthesis of glucose‐6‐phosphate upon acute inhibition of mFAO are lacking.

Prevalence of sclerosing cholangitis in adults with autoimmune hepatitis: Evaluating the role of routine magnetic resonance imaging

Rupert Abdalian, Preeti Dhar, Kartik Jhaveri, Masoom Haider, Maha Guindi, E. Jenny Heathcote – 26 February 2008 – Large bile duct injury (that seen on cholangiography) is not usually considered a feature of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in adults but is present in up to 50% of children with AIH. The aim of this work was to study the prevalence of large bile duct abnormalities identified by magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) in adults given a diagnosis of AIH.

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