A canine liver fibrosis model to develop a therapy for liver cirrhosis using cultured bone marrow–derived cells

Takashi Matsuda, Taro Takami, Ryo Sasaki, Tatsuro Nishimura, Yuki Aibe, Bruno Diaz Paredes, Luiz Fernando Quintanilha, Toshihiko Matsumoto, Tsuyoshi Ishikawa, Naoki Yamamoto, Kenji Tani, Shuji Terai, Yasuho Taura, Isao Sakaida – 17 July 2017 – We have been developing a therapy for liver cirrhosis using cultured autologous bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Before human clinical trials can be considered, the safety and efficacy of BMSC infusion in medium to large animals must be confirmed; thus, we developed a canine liver fibrosis model.

YAP suppresses gluconeogenic gene expression through PGC1α

Yue Hu, Dong‐Ju Shin, Hui Pan, Zhiqiang Lin, Jonathan M. Dreyfuss, Fernando D. Camargo, Ji Miao, Sudha B. Biddinger – 17 July 2017 – Cell growth and proliferation are tightly coupled to metabolism, and dissecting the signaling molecules which link these processes is an important step toward understanding development, regeneration, and cancer. The transcriptional regulator Yes‐associated protein 1 (YAP) is a key regulator of liver size, development, and function. We now show that YAP can also suppress gluconeogenic gene expression.

Survival of patients with cirrhosis and acute peptic ulcer bleeding compared with variceal bleeding using current first‐line therapies

Alba Ardevol, Gemma Ibañez‐Sanz, Joaquim Profitos, Carles Aracil, Josep M. Castellvi, Edilmar Alvarado, Alba Cachero, Diana Horta, Josep Miñana, Bárbara Gomez‐Pastrana, Oana Pavel, Eva Dueñas, Meritxell Casas, Montserrat Planella, Jose Castellote, Candid Villanueva – 17 July 2017 – The presence of cirrhosis increases the mortality of patients with peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB). Both acute variceal bleeding (AVB) and PUB are associated with substantial mortality in cirrhosis.

Chronic inflammation‐elicited liver progenitor cell conversion to liver cancer stem cell with clinical significance

Xiao‐Feng Li, Cheng Chen, Dai‐Min Xiang, Le Qu, Wen Sun, Xin‐Yuan Lu, Teng‐Fei Zhou, Shu‐Zhen Chen, Bei‐Fang Ning, Zhuo Cheng, Ming‐Yang Xia, Wei‐Feng Shen, Wen Yang, Wen Wen, Terence Kin Wah Lee, Wen‐Ming Cong, Hong‐Yang Wang, Jin Ding – 17 July 2017 – The substantial heterogeneity and hierarchical organization in liver cancer support the theory of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs). However, the relationship between chronic hepatic inflammation and LCSC generation remains obscure.

MicroRNA‐206 prevents the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma by modulating expression of met proto‐oncogene and cyclin‐dependent kinase 6 in mice

Heng Wu, Junyan Tao, Xiaolei Li, Tianpeng Zhang, Lei Zhao, Yao Wang, Lei Zhang, Jun Xiong, Zhi Zeng, Na Zhan, Clifford J. Steer, Li Che, Mingjie Dong, Xiaomei Wang, Junqi Niu, Zhuoyu Li, Guiqing Yan, Xin Chen, Guisheng Song – 17 July 2017 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, and therapeutic agents for this malignancy are lacking. MicroRNAs play critical roles in carcinogenesis and present tremendous therapeutic potential.

USP18 protects against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance through its deubiquitinating activity

Shimin An, Ling‐Ping Zhao, Li‐Jun Shen, Siyuan Wang, Kuo Zhang, Yu Qi, Jilin Zheng, Xiao‐Jing Zhang, Xue‐Yong Zhu, Rong Bao, Ling Yang, Yue‐Xin Lu, Zhi‐Gang She, Yi‐Da Tang – 17 July 2017 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis, impaired insulin sensitivity, and chronic low‐grade inflammation. However, the pathogenic mechanism of NAFLD is poorly understood, which hinders the exploration of possible treatments.

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