Severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in Crigler‐Najjar syndrome model mice can be reversed with zinc protoporphyrin

Ryoichi Fujiwara, Ryo Mitsugi, Asuka Uemura, Tomoo Itoh, Robert H. Tukey – 10 August 2017 – Neurotoxic bilirubin is solely conjugated by UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1. Due to an inadequate function of UGT1A1, human neonates develop mild to severe physiological hyperbilirubinemia. Accumulation of bilirubin in the brain leads to the onset of irreversible brain damage called kernicterus. Breastfeeding is one of the most significant factors that increase the risk of developing kernicterus in infants.

Trajectory of adherence behavior in pediatric and adolescent liver transplant recipients: The medication adherence in children who had a liver transplant cohort

Eyal Shemesh, Sarah Duncan, Ravinder Anand, Benjamin L. Shneider, Estella M. Alonso, George V. Mazariegos, Robert S. Venick, Rachel A. Annunziato, John C. Bucuvalas – 5 August 2017 – Knowledge of the longterm trajectory of nonadherence to immunosuppressants can inform decisions regarding organ allocation, adherence monitoring, and intervention efforts.

Extreme large‐for‐size syndrome after adult liver transplantation: A model for predicting a potentially lethal complication

Marc‐Antoine Allard, Felipe Lopes, Fabio Frosio, Nicolas Golse, Antonio Sa Cunha, Daniel Cherqui, Denis Castaing, René Adam, Eric Vibert – 5 August 2017 – There is currently no tool available to predict extreme large‐for‐size (LFS) syndrome, a potentially disastrous complication after adult liver transplantation (LT). We aimed to identify the risk factors for extreme LFS and to build a simple predictive model. A cohort of consecutive patients who underwent LT with full grafts in a single institution was studied.

Bile duct regeneration and immune response by passenger lymphocytes signals biliary recovery versus complications after liver transplantation

Henrik H. Junger, Hans J. Schlitt, Edward K. Geissler, Stefan Fichtner‐Feigl, Stefan M. Brunner – 5 August 2017 – This study aimed to elucidate the impact of epithelial regenerative responses and immune cell infiltration on biliary complications after liver transplantation. Bile duct (BD) damage after cold storage was quantified by a BD damage score and correlated with patient outcome in 41 patients. Bacterial infiltration was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

Oncostatin M causes liver fibrosis by regulating cooperation between hepatic stellate cells and macrophages in mice

Michitaka Matsuda, Shinya Tsurusaki, Naoko Miyata, Eiko Saijou, Hitoshi Okochi, Atsushi Miyajima, Minoru Tanaka – 5 August 2017 – Fibrosis is an important wound‐healing process in injured tissues, but excessive fibrosis is often observed in patients with chronic inflammation. Although oncostatin M (OSM) has been reported to play crucial roles for recovery from acute liver injury by inducing tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (Timp1) expression, the role of OSM in chronic liver injury (CLI) is yet to be elucidated.

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