Bile proteomic profiles differentiate cholangiocarcinoma from primary sclerosing cholangitis and choledocholithiasis

Tim O. Lankisch, Jochen Metzger, Ahmed A. Negm, Katja Voβkuhl, Eric Schiffer, Justyna Siwy, Tobias J. Weismüller, Andrea S. Schneider, Kathrin Thedieck, Ralf Baumeister, Petra Zürbig, Eva M. Weissinger, Michael P. Manns, Harald Mischak, Jochen Wedemeyer – 7 December 2010 – Early detection of malignant biliary tract diseases, especially cholangiocarcinoma (CC) in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), is very difficult and often comes too late to give the patient a therapeutic benefit. We hypothesize that bile proteomic analysis distinguishes CC from nonmalignant lesions.

Interleukin‐10–mediated heme oxygenase 1–induced underlying mechanism in inflammatory down‐regulation by norfloxacin in cirrhosis

Isabel Gómez‐Hurtado, Pedro Zapater, Pablo Bellot, Sonia Pascual, Miguel Pérez‐Mateo, José Such, Rubén Francés – 7 December 2010 – Patients with cirrhosis receiving norfloxacin show a restored inflammatory balance that likely prevents clinical complications derived from an excessive proinflammatory response to bacterial product challenges. This study sought to investigate associated inflammatory control mechanisms established in patients with cirrhosis receiving norfloxacin. A total of 62 patients with cirrhosis and ascites in different clinical conditions were considered.

Concerted action of sulfiredoxin and peroxiredoxin I protects against alcohol‐induced oxidative injury in mouse liver

Soo Han Bae, Su Haeng Sung, Eun Jung Cho, Se Kyoung Lee, Hye Eun Lee, Hyun Ae Woo, Dae‐Yeul Yu, In Sup Kil, Sue Goo Rhee – 7 December 2010 – Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are peroxidases that catalyze the reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The active site cysteine residue of members of the 2‐Cys Prx subgroup (Prx I to IV) of Prxs is hyperoxidized to cysteine sulfinic acid (Cys‐SO2) during catalysis with concomitant loss of peroxidase activity. Reactivation of the hyperoxidized Prx is catalyzed by sulfiredoxin (Srx).

Enrichment of Nur77 mediated by retinoic acid receptor β leads to apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells induced by fenretinide and histone deacetylase inhibitors

Hui Yang, Qi Zhan, Yu‐Jui Yvonne Wan – 7 December 2010 – The synthetic retinoid fenretinide is one of the most promising clinically tested retinoids. Previously, we have shown that fenretinide induces apoptosis of Huh7 cells, but HepG2 cells are relatively resistant to fenretinide‐induced apoptosis. This study examines the interactive role of fenretinide and histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) in inducing apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and the underlying mechanism.

Performance of the aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio index for the staging of hepatitis C‐related fibrosis: An updated meta‐analysis

Zhong‐Hua Lin, Yong‐Ning Xin, Quan‐Jiang Dong, Qing Wang, Xiang‐Jun Jiang, Shu‐Hui Zhan, Ying Sun, Shi‐Ying Xuan – 7 December 2010 – The aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio index (APRI), a tool with limited expense and widespread availability, is a promising noninvasive alternative to liver biopsy for detecting hepatic fibrosis.

DNA hypomethylation causes bile duct defects in zebrafish and is a distinguishing feature of infantile biliary atresia

Randolph P. Matthews, Steven F. EauClaire, Monica Mugnier, Kristin Lorent, Shuang Cui, Megan M. Ross, Zhe Zhang, Pierre Russo, Michael Pack – 7 December 2010 – Infantile cholestatic disorders arise in the context of progressively developing intrahepatic bile ducts. Biliary atresia (BA), a progressive fibroinflammatory disorder of extra‐ and intrahepatic bile ducts, is the most common identifiable cause of infantile cholestasis and the leading indication for liver transplantation in children.

Up‐regulation of the fibroblast growth factor 8 subfamily in human hepatocellular carcinoma for cell survival and neoangiogenesis

Christine Gauglhofer, Sandra Sagmeister, Waltraud Schrottmaier, Carina Fischer, Chantal Rodgarkia‐Dara, Thomas Mohr, Stefan Stättner, Christoph Bichler, Daniela Kandioler, Fritz Wrba, Rolf Schulte‐Hermann, Klaus Holzmann, Michael Grusch, Brigitte Marian, Walter Berger, Bettina Grasl‐Kraupp – 6 December 2010 – Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their high‐affinity receptors [fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs)] contribute to autocrine and paracrine growth stimulation in several nonliver cancer entities.

Relationship between the interleukin‐28b gene polymorphism and the histological severity of hepatitis C virus–induced graft inflammation and the response to antiviral therapy after liver transplantation

Dennis Eurich, Sabine Boas‐Knoop, Martin Ruehl, Maria Schulz, Esperanza D. Carrillo, Thomas Berg, Ruth Neuhaus, Peter Neuhaus, Ulf Peter Neumann, Marcus Bahra – 6 December 2010 – Up to 30% of liver transplants will develop graft cirrhosis within 5 years after liver transplantation (LT) due to recurrent HCV‐infection forwarding accelerated graft damage. Genetic variants of cytokines involved in the immune response may contribute to the degree of graft inflammation, fibrosis progression, and antiviral therapy outcome.

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