Percutaneously placed covered retrievable stents for the treatment of biliary anastomotic strictures following living donor liver transplantation

Jinoo Kim, Gi‐Young Ko, Kyu‐Bo Sung, Dong Il Gwon, Sung‐Gyu Lee, Kwang‐Mi Kim, Kyung‐Ah Kim, Hyun‐Ki Yoon – 29 November 2010 – This study evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of covered retrievable stent placement compared with drainage catheter placement for treating biliary anastomotic strictures following living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).

Constitutive release of powerful antioxidant‐scavenging activity by hepatic stellate cells: Protection of hepatocytes from ischemia/reperfusion injury

Noor Mohamed Jameel, Chinnasamy Thirunavukkarasu, Noriko Murase, Michael Cascio, John Prelich, Shuting Yang, Stephen A. K Harvey, Chandrashekhar R Gandhi – 29 November 2010 – Within the liver, reactive oxygen species produced by infiltrating blood cells and Kupffer cells (resident macrophages) can injure hepatocytes. We hypothesized that hepatocyte survival is influenced by the relatively small juxtaposed population of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).

Modeling hepatitis B virus X–induced hepatocellular carcinoma in mice with the sleeping beauty transposon system

Vincent W. Keng, Barbara R. Tschida, Jason B. Bell, David A. Largaespada – 24 November 2010 – The mechanisms associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV)–induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain elusive, and there are currently no well‐established animal models for studying this disease. Using the Sleeping Beauty transposon as a delivery system, we introduced an oncogenic component of HBV, the hepatitis B virus X (HBx) gene, into the livers of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (Fah) mutant mice via hydrodynamic tail vein injections.

Teaching New Tricks to an Old Foe: Murinizing Hepatitis C Virus

Gisa Gerold, Charles M. Rice, Alexander Ploss – 23 November 2010 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) naturally infects only humans and chimpanzees. The determinants responsible for this narrow species tropism are not well defined. Virus cell entry involves human scavenger receptor class B type I (SR‐BI), CD81, claudin‐1 and occludin. Among these, at least CD81 and occludin are utilized in a highly species‐specific fashion, thus contributing to the narrow host range of HCV.

Hepatitis C trials that combine investigational agents with pegylated interferon should be stratified by interleukin‐28B genotype

Alexander J. Thompson, Andrew J. Muir, Mark S. Sulkowski, Keyur Patel, Hans L. Tillmann, Paul J. Clark, Susanna Naggie, Jacques Fellay, Dongliang Ge, Jeanette J. McCarthy, David B. Goldstein, John G. McHutchison – 23 November 2010

The balancing act of hepatocyte apoptosis

Nicholas A. Shackel – 23 November 2010 – The cell death receptor Fas plays a role in the establishment of fulminant hepatitis, a major cause of drug‐induced liver failure. Fas activation elicits extrinsic apoptotic and hepatoprotective signals; however, the mechanisms by which these signals are integrated during disease are unknown. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP3) controls the critical sheddase a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) and may dictate stress signaling.

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