Pedro M. Baptista, Mohummad M. Siddiqui, Genevieve Lozier, Sergio R. Rodriguez, Anthony Atala, Shay Soker – 12 November 2010 – A major roadblock to successful organ bioengineering is the need for a functional vascular network within the engineered tissue. Here, we describe the fabrication of three‐dimensional, naturally derived scaffolds with an intact vascular tree. Livers from different species were perfused with detergent to selectively remove the cellular components of the tissue while preserving the extracellular matrix components and the intact vascular network.

Shubham Shrivastava, Amit Raychoudhuri, Robert Steele, Ranjit Ray, Ratna B. Ray – 12 November 2010 – The role of autophagy in disease pathogenesis following viral infection is beginning to be elucidated. We have previously reported that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in hepatocytes induces autophagy. However, the biological significance of HCV‐induced autophagy has not been clarified. Autophagy has recently been identified as a novel component of the innate immune system against viral infection.

Michael R. Charlton, Alexander Thompson, Bart J. Veldt, Kym Watt, Hans Tillmann, John J. Poterucha, Julie K. Heimbach, David Goldstein, John McHutchison – 12 November 2010 – Polymorphism in the interleukin‐28B (IL28B) gene region, encoding interferon (IFN)‐λ3, is strongly predictive of response to antiviral treatment in the nontransplant setting. We sought to determine the prevalence and impact on clinical outcomes of donor and recipient IL28B genotypes among liver transplant recipients.

Alexander J. Thompson, Rosanna Santoro, Valeria Piazzolla, Paul J. Clark, Susanna Naggie, Hans L. Tillmann, Keyur Patel, Andrew J. Muir, Kevin V. Shianna, Leonardo Mottola, Daniela Petruzzellis, Mario Romano, Fernando Sogari, Domenico Facciorusso, David B. Goldstein, John G. McHutchison, Alessandra Mangia – 12 November 2010 – Two functional variants in the inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) gene causing inosine triphosphatase (ITPase) deficiency protect against ribavirin (RBV)‐induced hemolytic anemia and the need for RBV dose reduction in patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Shahzma Merani, Danijela Petrovic, Ian James, Abha Chopra, Don Cooper, Elizabeth Freitas, Andri Rauch, Julia di Iulio, Mina John, Michaela Lucas, Karen Fitzmaurice, Susan McKiernan, Suzanne Norris, Dermot Kelleher, Paul Klenerman, Silvana Gaudieri – 12 November 2010 – The host's immune response to hepatitis C virus (HCV) can result in the selection of characteristic mutations (adaptations) that enable the virus to escape this response.

Julia Kozlitina, Eric Boerwinkle, Jonathan C. Cohen, Helen H. Hobbs – 12 November 2010 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an escalating health problem that is frequently associated with obesity and insulin resistance. The mechanistic relationship between NAFLD, obesity, and insulin resistance is not well understood.

Yu‐Xiong Feng, Tao Wang, Yue‐Zhen Deng, Pengyuan Yang, Jing‐Jing Li, Dong‐Xian Guan, Fan Yao, Yin‐Qiu Zhu, Ying Qin, Hui Wang, Nan Li, Meng‐Chao Wu, Hong‐Yang Wang, Xiao‐Fan Wang, Shu‐Qun Cheng, Dong Xie – 12 November 2010 – Surgical resection is the first‐line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with well‐preserved liver function. Nevertheless, the rate of postoperative recurrence at 5 years is as high as 70%, and this gravely jeopardizes the therapeutic outcome. Clearly, new approaches are needed for preventing the relapse of this deadly disease.

Giovanni Musso, Roberto Gambino, Maurizio Cassader – 12 November 2010

Marco Antonio Montes‐Cano, José Raúl García‐Lozano, Cristina Abad‐Molina, Fuensanta Torrecillas, Almudena Torres, Luis Felipe Lopez‐Cortes, Antonio Núñez‐Roldán, María Francisca González‐Escribano – 4 November 2010

Eric Vibert, Jean‐Charles Duclos‐Vallée, Maria‐Rosa Ghigna, Emir Hoti, Chady Salloum, Catherine Guettier, Denis Castaing, Didier Samuel, René Adam – 4 November 2010 – Liver transplantation (LT) has become an accepted therapy for end‐stage liver disease in human immunodeficiency virus–positive (HIV+) patients, but the specific results of LT for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are unknown. Between 2003 and 2008, 21 HIV+ patients and 65 HIV− patients with HCC were listed for LT at a single institution. Patient characteristics and pathological features were analyzed.