Hepatitis C trials that combine investigational agents with pegylated interferon should be stratified by interleukin‐28B genotype

Alexander J. Thompson, Andrew J. Muir, Mark S. Sulkowski, Keyur Patel, Hans L. Tillmann, Paul J. Clark, Susanna Naggie, Jacques Fellay, Dongliang Ge, Jeanette J. McCarthy, David B. Goldstein, John G. McHutchison – 23 November 2010

Teaching New Tricks to an Old Foe: Murinizing Hepatitis C Virus

Gisa Gerold, Charles M. Rice, Alexander Ploss – 23 November 2010 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) naturally infects only humans and chimpanzees. The determinants responsible for this narrow species tropism are not well defined. Virus cell entry involves human scavenger receptor class B type I (SR‐BI), CD81, claudin‐1 and occludin. Among these, at least CD81 and occludin are utilized in a highly species‐specific fashion, thus contributing to the narrow host range of HCV.

Neuregulin/erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3 autocrine loop contributes to invasion and early recurrence of human hepatoma

Sen‐Yung Hsieh, Jung‐Ru He, Chih‐Yun Hsu, Wan‐Ju Chen, Rabindranath Bera, Kuo‐Yang Lin, Tsung‐Chieh Shih, Ming‐Chin Yu, Yu‐Jr Lin, Chee‐Jen Chang, Wen‐Hui Weng, Shiu‐Fen Huang – 19 November 2010 – Intrahepatic metastasis is the primary cause of the high recurrence and poor prognosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, neither its molecular mechanisms nor markers for its prediction before hepatectomy have been identified. We recently revealed up‐regulation of erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3 (ERBB3) in human HCC.

Regulation of mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 expression in human and mice by vascular adhesion protein 1 amine oxidase activity

Evaggelia Liaskou, Marika Karikoski, Gary M. Reynolds, Patricia F. Lalor, Chris J. Weston, Nick Pullen, Marko Salmi, Sirpa Jalkanen, David H. Adams – 19 November 2010 – Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and autoimmune hepatitis are hepatic complications associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The expression of mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM‐1) on mucosal endothelium is a prerequisite for the development of IBD, and it is also detected on the hepatic vessels of patients with liver diseases associated with IBD.

Human hepatocarcinoma‐intestine‐pancreas/pancreatitis‐associated protein cures fas‐induced acute liver failure in mice by attenuating free‐radical damage in injured livers

Nicolas Moniaux, Haiyan Song, Marion Darnaud, Kévin Garbin, Michelle Gigou, Claudia Mitchell, Didier Samuel, Laure Jamot, Paul Amouyal, Gilles Amouyal, Christian Bréchot, Jamila Faivre – 19 November 2010 – Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare syndrome with a difficult clinical management and a high mortality rate. During ALF, several molecular pathways governing oxidative stress and apoptosis are activated to induce massive tissue injury and suppress cell proliferation.

Endocannabinoids in liver disease

Joseph Tam, Jie Liu, Bani Mukhopadhyay, Resat Cinar, Grzegorz Godlewski, George Kunos – 18 November 2010 – Endocannabinoids are lipid mediators of the same cannabinoid (CB) receptors that mediate the effects of marijuana. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) consists of CB receptors, endocannabinoids, and the enzymes involved in their biosynthesis and degradation, and it is present in both brain and peripheral tissues, including the liver. The hepatic ECS is activated in various liver diseases and contributes to the underlying pathologies.

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